不同大豆-根瘤菌共生组合的根系构型及共生固氮能力  

Root architecture and symbiotic nitrogen fixation potential of different soybean-rhizobia symbiotic combinations

作　　者：鲁伟 王凤杰 汪小旵[2] LU Wei;WANG Fengjie;WANG Xiaochan(Department of Agricultural Engineering College,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;College of Engineering,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210031,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学农业工程学院,镇江212013 [2]南京农业大学工学院,南京210031

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2025年第7期121-128,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32301697);山东省博士后创新项目(SDCX-ZG-202400103)。

摘　　要：根系的结构是植物营养学、育种学和基因组学等学科中最为重要的形态指标,构建根系三维结构对评价不同大豆-根瘤菌共生组合的根系生长发育具有重要意义。该研究采用一种格栅式根系生长箱和相应的根系结构重构方法对分别接种ANU289和USDA3l1b110根瘤菌的沪宁95-1和东农252两种大豆根系结构进行研究。通过格栅网格点逐层重构根系结构,定量分析不同大豆与根瘤菌组合下的根系构型,包括侧根角、根长分布、根瘤产量和固氮能力。结果表明,接种根瘤菌后所有组别中苗期至灌浆期表现出侧根角变大,根系体积变大,根系总长度明显增加的特点,是接种根瘤菌以后根系的共性特征。接种根瘤菌后大豆与根瘤菌共生对根系周向分布没有影响,大豆侧根对称分布于四列呈十字形。固氮潜能较高的组别(沪宁95-1与ANU289/USDA3l1b110共生),除共性特征以外,还表现出根系结构变浅的特征,根系主要在浅层土体空间拓展,该特征是匹配性较好的大豆根瘤菌共生组合的特异性根系构型特征。固氮酶活性与根系形态结构参数的变化相关性较小,而单株根系固氮潜能与根系总长度、根系体积、根系深度和侧根角显著相关。该方法为筛选不同结瘤固氮能力的大豆和根瘤菌提供参考。Root architecture can be widely used for genotype selection as the high nitrogen fixation for leguminous plants.The root traits can be quantified to optimize the soybean cultivar with the high nitrogen potential.This study aims to explore the root architecture and symbiotic nitrogen fixation potential of different soybean-rhizobia symbiotic combinations.The soybean was inoculated with the different rhizobia.A modular rhizobox was reconstructed and then assembled with multiple grids of stainless steel using the root system architecture(RSA).Among them,each slice of steel grid was held in a supporting rack,including 4 hundred small cells.The soybean root architecture was reconstructed to connect some points on the grid layer by layer.The root system architecture also included the lateral root angle,the root length distribution in depth,the root distribution on the top view,and nodule production in soil.The nitrogen potential was evaluated in the different combinations of soybean and rhizobia.The rhizobox was set as 1 cm grid size and 3 cm interval,according to the minimum compaction of grid size.Small grid size and interval greatly contributed to the large soil compactness.The results showed that there was a significant increase in the lateral root angle,the root volume,and the root length of the root system architecture after the inoculation with rhizobia.There was no outstanding effect on the circumferential distribution of the roots.The soybean roots were symmetrically distributed in four columns as usual.The shallow root system was also found in the symbiotic combination with the highest nitrogen fixation potential(Huning 95-1 and USDA3l1b110).Specifically,many lateral roots often appeared in the shallow layer.The root system architecture after the inoculation with rhizobia under soil conditions was provided for some evidence to screen and select the rhizobia and soybean cultivar with the high modulation potential.As such,the original backbone and topology were maintained more suitable for nutrition,breeding,an

关 键 词：大豆 根系结构 格栅式根系生长箱 根瘤菌 固氮能力 

分 类 号：S237[农业科学—农业机械化工程]