具备触地感知能力的自适应起落架构型设计  

Design of an Adaptive Landing Gear with Ground Contact Sensing Capability

作　　者：李琦 苗红涛[1,2] 杨赟 LI Qi;MIAO Hongtao;YANG Yun(China Helicopter Research and Development Institute,Jingdezhen 333001,China;College of Aerospace Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics&Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]中国直升机设计研究所,景德镇333001 [2]南京航空航天大学航空学院,南京210016

出　　处：《南京航空航天大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期285-291,共7页Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics

基　　金：国防卓越青年基金(2018-JCJQ-ZQ-053);江苏高校优势学科建设工程。

摘　　要：为适应直升机在复杂不平坦地形中的着陆需求,提出了一种基于触地感知的自适应起落架构型设计。首先,对起落架的调姿运动形式进行优化设计,使其在保障承载能力的同时具备良好的运动调姿能力,避免着陆过程中因起落架姿态变化导致的机体失稳。其次,起落架着陆姿态可根据地形阶差进行空载随动调节,通过监测作动装置伸缩量建立触地感知机制,大幅降低了地形探测过程中对各类传感器的依赖以及降落地点的高限位要求。实验结果表明,自适应起落架能够实现垂向500 mm范围内的姿态调节,单一起落架至少可承受2000 N载荷,着陆姿态允许存在倾斜角度,且随倾斜角度增大,起落架的承载能力和地形适配能力随之增强。To improve the landing capability of helicopters on complex terrain,this paper proposes an adaptive landing gear with ground contact sensing capability.Firstly,the posture adjustment movement form of the landing gear structure is optimized to ensure good motion adjustment capability and load-bearing capacity,so as to avoid the instability of the aircraft due to the change of landing gear posture during the landing process.Secondly,the landing posture can be adjusted without load according to the terrain step-difference,and a ground contact sensing principle is established by monitoring the elongation of actuator cylinder,which greatly reduces the dependence on various sensors and the high limit requirements for the landing site.The experimental results show that the adaptive landing gear can achieve vertical posture adjustment within 500 mm,and a singel landing gear can withstand a force of at least 2000 N.The landing posture is not required to be perpendicular to the ground,and an inclination angle is allowed.As the inclination angle increases,the load capacity and the terrain adaptability of the landing gear increase accordingly.

关 键 词：直升机 起落架 触地感知 自适应 构型设计 

分 类 号：V226[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]