点云阴影信道模型及其在室内可见光指纹定位中的应用  

Point Cloud Shadow Channel Model and Its Application in Indoor Visible-Light Fingerprint Positioning

作　　者：胡晓莉[1] 王倩[2] 秦岭[2] 王凤英 于建勇 Hu Xiaoli;Wang Qian;Qin Ling;Wang Fengying;Yu Jianyong(School of Automation and Electrical Engineering,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,Inner Mongolia,China;School of Digtial and Intelligence Industry,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,Inner Mongolia,China;Engineering Training Center,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学自动化与电气工程学院,内蒙古包头014010 [2]内蒙古科技大学数智产业学院(网络安全学院),内蒙古包头014010 [3]内蒙古科技大学工程训练中心,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《中国激光》2025年第2期178-186,共9页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62161041);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2024LHMS06017);内蒙古自治区应用技术研究与开发资金项目(2021GG0104);内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(NJZY23077);内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费项目(2023XKJX022)。

摘　　要：为研究障碍物对可见光系统的影响,并建立一般性应用模型,本课题组基于点云技术获取真实存在的不规则障碍物结构特征的数字化表示,提出了一种结合间距判定的点云阴影量化分析法。同时,在室内可见光信道模型的基础上推导出了点云阴影信道增益表达式,并搭建了2.6 m×2.6 m×2 m的实验平台,以验证该分析法的有效性。结果显示,实际阴影区域与点云阴影区域高度符合,归一化功率值的平均误差仅为0.0277。为进一步分析障碍物对通信系统及定位应用的影响,在2.6 m×2.6 m×3 m的室内空间中模拟障碍物对光的遮挡及功率接收,并基于该信道模型实现了可见光指纹定位。结果显示:在障碍物遮挡下,大量接收点的直射分量消失,一次反射功率损耗程度相对较低;仅使用直射功率作为特征时,均方根定位误差高达20.82 cm,采用结合反射功率的分区定位方法后,均方根定位误差减小至1.58 cm,有效提高了阴影区域的定位性能。Objective The impenetrable nature of optical signal propagation renders visible-light communication(VLC)a widely adopted communication method for confidential-information transmission.Moreover,the advantages of green environmental protection,no electromagnetic interference,and the ability to alleviate the shortage of spectrum resources allow the applications of VLC to expand from indoors to hospitals,mines,underwater,etc.However,the limitations of light propagation result in visible light being adversely affected by obstacles.The collision of beams with obstacles creates varying degrees of optical-power loss.Additionally,the visiblelight positioning(VLP)performance achieved by relying on the received signal strength(RSS)deteriorates.In recent years,numerous studies pertaining to visible light have been performed under obstacle environments;however,most of them consider the human body as the main research object and simulate it as a three-dimensional or planar shape as a general model of obstacles,which is not adequately precise to express the characteristics of different obstacle types.Therefore,this study extracts the digital features of obstacles based on point cloud technology to realize the generalized expression of obstacles and proposes a quantitative analysis method for point cloud shadows,based on which a visible-light shadow channel model with high applicability is established.In this study,an experimental site was established to validate the point cloud shading analysis method and the reliability of the point cloud channel model.Simultaneously,the proposed model was used to simulate and analyze the shading of optical signals and power loss under different link propagations.A two-layer BP neural network optimized using a genetic algorithm(GA-BP)was applied to realize fingerprint positioning,and the effect of obstacles on the VLP performance as well as possible solutions were analyzed.Methods First,a depth camera was used to scan obstacles from different angles to obtain a multi-slice point cloud,and a co

关 键 词：可见光通信 三维点云 信道模型 点云阴影量化 阴影系数 可见光定位 

分 类 号：TN929.12[电子电信—通信与信息系统]