魏晋南北朝时期人物传撰述的时代特征  

The Characteristics of Times Reflected in Compilation of Biographies in the Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties

作　　者：李传印 Li Chuanyin

机构地区：[1]武昌首义学院新闻与文法学院,湖北武汉430064

出　　处：《史学史研究》2025年第1期14-26,共13页Journal of Historiography

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“魏晋南北朝时期家史的撰修及其叙事特征研究”(项目编号:20BZS005)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：各类人物传的撰述既是魏晋南北朝时期史学多途发展的重要组成部分,也是这个时代和社会变动在史学上的映射。西晋以后,人们热衷于各种人物传的撰述,或把人物融入史事叙述,或以传主为叙述对象,记录其个人生平事迹,既把个人置于时代大潮之中并使之染上时代色彩,又通过这些形象生动的人物衬托出时代需要和社会变动。正史附传和史家自传的家族化,别传和郡书等杂传多掺杂委巷之说,率尔而作,措意不在史事之真,而在乎人物形象逼真,都突出反映了门阀士族要求和趣味。史学家们通过这些人物传撰述及其对于各色人物言行志趣的书写,把门阀意识浸润在人物传撰述的字里行间,使这个时期人物传撰述呈现出鲜明的时代特征。The writings of various biographies in the Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties are not only manifestation of the historiography which developed in various ways in this period,but also the changes of era and society reflecting in historiography.After the Western Jin Dynasty,the authors adored writing biographies,they showed the subjects'lives in the narrations of historical facts or recorded their lives,so the biographies compromises subjects'lives and characteristics of time.Both the biographies in official histories and authors'autobiographies have presented the features of families.While some miscellaneous biographies,such as the privately-compiled biographies and local chronicles are written liberally with the some gossips,because the authors paid attention to the vivid images rather than the authenticity of the historical events,which highlighted the demands and interests of the distinguished families.The historians made the aristocratic system blend into the biographies and the portrait of subjects,so the biographies during this period with distinct characteristics of times.

关 键 词：魏晋南北朝 人物传 门阀意识 时代特征 

分 类 号：K92[历史地理—人文地理学]