横纹肌肉瘤的CT及MRI表现  

CT and MRI findings of rhabdomyosarcoma

作　　者：庞娅 蒋佩伶 张曦 PANG Ya;JIANG Peiling;ZHANG Xi(Department of Radiology,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University,Chongqing 400037,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军军医大学第二附属医院放射科,重庆400037

出　　处：《实用放射学杂志》2025年第3期390-393,共4页Journal of Practical Radiology

摘　　要：目的 探讨横纹肌肉瘤(RMS)的CT及 MRI表现.方法 回顾性分析经病理证实的19例RMS的CT和(或)MRI资料,分析病变生长部位、形态、密度/信号、强化方式、浸润范围.结果 19例患者中,12例病变位于头颈部(鼻窦、鼻腔、咬肌、颞下窝、鼻咽部、牙龈),2例位于下肢,1例位于左心,1例位于纵隔,1例位于前列腺,1例位于睾丸,1例位于骨盆.CT扫描与肌肉比较呈均匀等或低密度,增强扫描均匀或不均匀强化.MRI表现为T1WI等、低信号,T2WI不均匀高信号,增强扫描强化不均匀.所有病变形态不规则但边界清晰,病灶内均未见钙化、出血.发生于鼻窦者多向邻近窦腔或鼻腔、眼眶侵犯,部分病变可通过颅底孔道累及颅内.病变可致骨质破坏.部分病例见引流区域淋巴结肿大.1例多发骨转移.结论 RMS在全身各部位均可能发生,以头颈部较为常见,多数病例缺乏特异性,但影像学有助于了解发病部位、对周围组织的侵犯情况及有无转移,以辅助治疗及预后判断.Objective To investigate the CT and MRI findings of rhabdomyosarcoma(RMS).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on CT and/or MRI data of 19 cases of pathologically confirmed RMS.The growth location,morphology,density/signal intensity,enhancement pattern,and infiltration scope of the lesions were analyzed.Results Among the 19 patients,12 lesions were located in the head and neck regions(sinuses,nasal cavity,masseter muscle,infratemporal fossa,nasopharynx,and gum),2 in the lower extremities,1 in the left heart,1 in the mediastinum,1 in the prostate,1 in the testicle,and 1 in the pelvis.On CT scans,the lesions appeared as homogeneously iso-or hypodensity compared to the muscle,with homogeneous or inhomogeneous enhancement on contrast-enhanced scans.On MRI,the lesions exhibited iso-or hypointense signals on T1WI and inhomogeneous hyperintense signals on T2WI,with inhomogeneous enhancement on contrast-enhanced scans.All lesions had irregular morphologies but clear boundaries,and no calcification or hemorrhage was observed within the lesions.Lesions in the sinuses often invaded adjacent sinus cavities or the nasal cavity and orbit,and some lesions could involve the intracranial cavity through the cranial base foramina.Bone destruction could occurred.Regional lymph node enlargement in the drainage area was observed in some cases.One case exhibited multiple osseous metastases.Conclusion RMS can occur in various parts of the body,with the head and neck being the most common site.Most cases lack specificity,but CT and MRI is helpful to understand the location of the disease,its invasion of surrounding tissues,and the presence of metastasis,thereby assisting in treatment and prognosis evaluation.

关 键 词：横纹肌肉瘤 计算机体层成像 磁共振成像 

分 类 号：R738.7[医药卫生—肿瘤] R814.42[医药卫生—临床医学] R445.2