认罪认罚从宽制度的实践反思和立法完善方向  

Reflections on the Practice and Legislative Improvement Directions of the Leniency System for Pleading Guilty and Accepting Punishment

作　　者：樊崇义[1] 常铮[1] Fan Chongyi;Chang Zheng(National Institute of Legal Aid,CUPL,Beijing 100088)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学国家法律援助研究院,北京100088

出　　处：《警学研究》2025年第1期5-16,共12页Police Science Research

基　　金：研究阐释党的十九届四中全会精神国家社科基金重大项目“健全社会公平正义法治保障制度研究”阶段性研究成果,项目编号:20ZDA032。

摘　　要：在认罪认罚从宽制度的全面实施阶段,仍暴露出认罪认罚自愿性审查机制不足、侦查阶段适用效果不明显、审查起诉阶段控辩协商不足、被追诉人反悔权的行使不明、被追诉人上诉权的行使有阻力、对值班律师存在认识误区等。究其原因,实践的不断迭进,使已有的立法原意出现了偏差,应予以及时的填补和完善。借由刑事诉讼法修改的契机,启动认罪认罚从宽制度的再立法,将认罪认罚从宽协商诉讼程序予以独立化,使其可以容纳全流程的诉讼阶段。同时,应当将自愿性审查的诉讼机制纳入立法完善的范畴内。特别是围绕认罪认罚从宽协商机制的具体运行等,亟待立法予以明确。此外,针对反悔、上诉以及值班律师帮助等程序保障问题,也有待立法修正。During the comprehensive implementation phase of the leniency system for admitting guilt and accepting punishment,several issues have been exposed,including:the insufficient mechanisms for reviewing voluntariness,limited effectiveness during the investigative stage,inadequate prosecutorial consultation during the review and prosecution stage,unclear exercise of the right to withdraw admissions,obstacles to the exercise of the right to appeal and the misconceptions regarding the role of duty lawyers.The reason lies in the fact that the continuous evolution of practice has led to deviations from the original legislative intent.It is imperative to promptly address and refine these gaps.Seizing the opportunity presented by the amendment of the Criminal Procedure Law,we should initiate the re-legislation of the leniency system for pleading guilty and accepting punishment.This involves making the procedural negotiations for leniency in cases of guilty pleas an independent process,thereby enabling it to encompass all stages of the litigation process.At the same time,the procedural mechanism for voluntary review should be included within the ambit of legislative refinement.Specifically,it is crucial to delineate the operational specifics of the plea bargaining and leniency system,as well as to amend procedural safeguards pertaining to the revocation of pleas,appeals,and the provision of assistance by duty lawyers.

关 键 词：认罪认罚从宽制度 实践反思 立法完善 立法建议 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]