牙龈卟啉单胞菌与白色念珠菌交互作用在口腔疾病中的研究进展  

Research progress on the microbial interaction between Porphyromonas gingivalis and Candida albicans in oral diseases

作　　者：王雨薇 邹玲[1] WANG Yuwei;ZOU Ling(State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&National Center for Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&Department of Cariology and Endodontics,West China Hospital of Stomatology,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]口腔疾病防治全国重点实验室国家口腔医学中心国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心四川大学华西口腔医院牙体牙髓病科,四川成都610041

出　　处：《口腔疾病防治》2025年第5期401-408,共8页Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(82071111)。

摘　　要：人类口腔微生物群中包含真菌、细菌、古细菌和病毒等700多种微生物,其中真菌和细菌之间的交互作用及其对宿主免疫系统的影响是目前口腔疾病研究领域的热点。牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Porphyromonas gingivalis,P.g)是慢性牙周炎的主要致病菌,白色念珠菌(Candida albicans,C.a)是一种常见的机会致病菌,P.g和C.a与多种口腔疾病相关。文献回顾表明,P.g和C.a协同增加生物膜量,二者相互黏附促进混合生物膜形成,同时C.a可利用致密菌丝以及代谢活动消耗氧气,为P.g提供低氧微环境,提升了P.g的活力和毒力;C.a和P.g还能够通过血红素竞争机制增强毒力并利用胞外多糖维护P.g的正常形态;此外,P.g和C.a还能够协同入侵宿主并进行免疫逃逸,导致宿主的慢性感染状态。基于P.g和C.a的密切交互作用,已有不少相关防治策略的研究,如各种复合材料以及天然植物的开发,然而此类药物多局限于表型且针对性较差,尚且缺乏特异性药物及其机制研究。本综述旨在回顾P.g和C.a交互作用在口腔疾病中的最新进展,强调研发针对P.g和C.a共同感染的治疗策略的重要性,为相关疾病的防治提供新思路。The human oral microbiota includes over 700 microorganisms such as fungi,bacteria,archaebacteria,and viruses.The interaction between fungi and bacteria,as well as their impact on the host immune system,is currently a popular topic in the field of oral disease research.Porphyromonas gingivalis(P.g)is the key pathogenic bacterium of chronic periodontitis,while Candida albicans(C.a)is a common opportunistic pathogen.P.g and C.a are associated with various oral diseases.A review of the literature suggests that P.g and C.a synergistically increase the amount of biofilm.They adhere to each other,promoting the formation of mixed biofilms.At the same time,C.a can utilize its dense hyphae and metabolic activities to consume oxygen,providing a lowxygen microenvironment for P.g,thereby enhancing its vitality and virulence.C.a and P.g can also enhance their virulence through heme competition mechanisms and maintain the normal morphology of P.g by extracellular polysaccharides.In addition,P.g and C.a can synergistically invade the host and escape from the host’s immune system,ultimately leading to a state of chronic infection in the host.Based on the interactions of P.g and C.a,numerous studies on prevention and treatment strategies have been conducted,including those of various composite materials and natural plants.However,such drugs are mostly limited to phenotypes and suffer from poor selectivity,thus resulting in a lack of specific drugs and research on their mechanisms.This review aims to explore the latest advances in the bacterial-fungal interactions,highlighting the roles of P.g and C.a in oral diseases,emphasizing the importance of developing treatment strategies for co-infection of P.g and C.a,and providing new ideas for the prevention and treatment of related diseases.

关 键 词：牙龈卟啉单胞菌 白色念珠菌 细菌 真菌 交互作用 牙周炎 种植体周围炎 口腔黏膜炎 免疫应答 免疫逃逸 

分 类 号：R78[医药卫生—口腔医学]