全面提高中国眼外伤急诊救治水平之再思考  

Rethinking on improving the level of emergency treatment of ocular trauma in China

作　　者：颜华[1] Yan Hua(Department of Ophthalmology,Tianjin Medical University General Hospital,International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases(Ministry of Education),Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ocular Trauma,Tianjin Institute of Eye Health and Eye Diseases,China-UK"Belt and Road"Ophthalmology Joint Laboratory,Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300052,China)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学总医院眼科、天津医科大学分子眼科学实验室、教育部眼部疾病研究国际合作联合实验室、天津市眼健康与眼疾病研究所、天津市眼外伤研究与转化重点实验室,天津市“一带一路”中外联合研究中心,天津300052

出　　处：《中华眼底病杂志》2025年第4期257-261,共5页Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

摘　　要：眼外伤急诊救治是一项系统而复杂的工作。需要快速正确诊断与处理,以最大可能恢复眼球结构和功能。近年来,中国在眼外伤急诊救治方面取得了显著进步,包括制定了《中国眼外伤急诊救治规范专家共识(2019年)》,建立了全国眼外伤数据库,并开发了VisionGo眼外伤人工智能预测系统等。这些措施提高了眼外伤的救治水平,同时对严重无光感眼的手术后视力预测提供了支持。然而,随着经济社会的发展,我国眼外伤的特点发生了变化。如,住院患者以开放性眼外伤为主,农民和工人为主要职业群体,交通伤害导致的眼外伤比例逐年增加,女性和未成年人比例上升。尽管我国眼外伤伤残损失寿命年下降幅度快于世界平均水平,但眼外伤急诊救治仍面临诸多挑战,如地区差异、基层医疗资源不足、缺乏规范化培训、急诊救治规范推广不够广泛等。为应对这些挑战,需进一步加强眼外伤防治科普宣传,规范急诊救治流程,加强基层医务人员培训,加强急诊手术安全性,并特别关注儿童眼外伤的特殊性。此外,还应积极开展相关研究,建立完备的眼外伤急诊患者数据库,推动眼外伤精准防治体系的构建与完善。Emergency treatment of ocular trauma is a systematic and complicated work.Rapid and correct diagnosis and treatment are needed to maximize the recovery of ocular structure and function.In recent years,China has made remarkable progress in the emergency treatment of ocular trauma,including the development of Expert consensus on the norms of emergency treatment of ocular trauma in China(2019),the establishment of a national ocular trauma database,and the development of VisionGo Artificial Intelligence prediction system for ocular trauma.These measures improve the treatment level of ocular trauma and provide support for the prediction of postoperative visual acuity in severe traumatic eyes.However,with the development of economy and society,the characteristics of ocular trauma in our country have changed.For example,the majority of hospitalized patients were open ocular injuries,farmers and workers were the main occupational groups,and the proportion of eye injuries caused by traffic injuries increased year by year,and the proportion of women and minors increased.Although the annual loss of life of ocular trauma disability in China has decreased faster than the world average,the emergency treatment of ocular trauma still faces many challenges,such as regional differences,insufficient primary medical resources,lack of standardized training,and insufficient promotion of emergency treatment standards.In order to cope with these challenges,it is necessary to further strengthen the popularization of science and technology for the prevention and treatment of ocular trauma,standardize the emergency treatment process,strengthen the training of grass-roots medical personnel,strengthen the safety of emergency surgery,and pay special attention to the particularity of children's ocular trauma.In addition,relevant research has been actively carried out to establish a complete database of emergency patients with ocular trauma to promote the accurate prevention and treatment of ocular trauma.

关 键 词：眼外伤 急诊 救治 规范 述评 

分 类 号：R779.1[医药卫生—眼科]