中国儿童及青少年眼外伤特点(中国眼外伤研究2023)  

Characteristics of eye trauma in children and adolescents in China(China Eye Trauma Study 2023)

作　　者：廖梦宇 韩寒[1] 姚旭阳 南佳英 陈永杰 颜华[1] Liao Mengyu;Han Han;Yao Xuyang;Nan Jiaying;Chen Yongjie;Yan Hua(Department of Ophthalmology,Tianjin Medical University General Hospital,International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases(Ministry of Education),Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ocular Trauma,Tianjin Institute of Eye Health and Eye Diseases,China-UK"Belt and Road"Ophthalmology Joint Laboratory,Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 30052,China;Department of Epidemiology and Statistics,School of Public Health,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300070,China)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学总医院眼科、天津医科大学分子眼科学实验室、教育部眼部疾病研究国际合作联合实验室、天津市眼健康与眼疾病研究所、天津市眼外伤研究与转化重点实验室,天津市“一带一路”中外联合研究中心,天津300052 [2]天津医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,天津300070

出　　处：《中华眼底病杂志》2025年第4期262-270,共9页Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(8240041920);天津市科学基金青年项目(23JCQNJC01180);中国博士后科学基金(2024M762379)。

摘　　要：目的分析中国儿童及青少年眼外伤的流行病学特征和损伤特点。方法多中心横断面、回顾性、观察性研究。基于中国眼外伤登记数据库,将2023年1~12月住院治疗的眼外伤患者1412例(1435只眼)中0~18岁的儿童及青少年患者189例189只眼(13.4%,189/1412)纳入研究。患者来自华北、华东、华南、华中、西北、西南地区17个省级行政区的23家三级综合性甲等医院或眼科专科医院。分析不同地域、不同年龄段患者的人口特征、流行病学特征以及损伤特点、视力结局等。189只眼中,行二期手术治疗95只眼,排除检查不配合以及视力无光感、光感者23只眼,最终纳入统计72只眼;对于有随访资料的36只眼,观察其手术后视力结局。结果189例患者中,男性143例(75.7%,143/189),女性46例(24.3%,46/189);年龄8.73(1~18)岁。各年龄段性别构成均以男性为主。地域分布显示华东地区病例数最多,为55例(29.1%,55/189)。7~10岁为高发年龄段,共70例(37.0%,70/189)。眼外伤类型分析显示,189只眼中,机械性眼外伤130只眼,其中开放性、闭合性损伤分别为105(80.8%,105/130)、25(19.2%,25/130)只眼。受伤后24 h内接受急诊手术者122只眼(占急诊手术病例83.6%,122/146)。具有完整随访资料的36只眼中,初始视力分布为:盲23只眼(63.9%)、低视力6只眼(16.7%)、视力≥0.3者7只眼(19.4%);末次随访视力改善为:盲12只眼(33.3%)、低视力8只眼(22.2%)、视力≥0.3者16只眼(44.4%)。最终视力结局显示,致残率22.2%(8/36),致盲率33.3%(12/36)。结论儿童及青少年眼外伤占同期住院眼外伤患者的13.4%,且具有显著的性别差异(男性占比75.7%)。不同年龄段儿童及青少年在眼外伤致伤原因、发生地点及临床特征等方面均呈现明显的年龄特异性分布规律。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and injury patterns of eye trauma in children and adolescents in China.Methods A multicenter cross-sectional,retrospective,observational study.Based on the Chinese Eye Trauma Registry database,189 patients(189 eyes)aged 0-18 years(13.4%,189/1412)of 1412 patients(1435 eyes)with eye trauma who were hospitalized from January to December 2023 were included in the study.Patients were recruited from 23 tertiary general hospitals or ophthalmology specialty hospitals located in 17 provincial-level administrative regions across six major geographical areas in China(North China,East China,South China,Central China,Northwest China,and Southwest China).The analysis focused on population characteristics,epidemiological features,injury patterns,and visual outcomes of children from different geographical regions and age groups.Among the 189 eyes,95 eyes underwent secondary surgery.A total of 23 eyes were excluded due to non-cooperation during examination,no light perception,or only light perception.Ultimately,72 eyes were included in the statistical analysis.Of these,36 eyes had followup data and were used to observe postoperative visual outcomes.Results Among 189 patients,143 were males(75.7%,143/189)and 46 were females(24.3%,46/189).Age 8.73(1-18)years old.The gender composition of all age groups was mainly male.The geographical distribution showed that East China had the largest number of cases,55(29.1%,55/189).There were 70 cases(37.0%,70/189)in 7-10 years old.The type analysis of eye trauma showed that in 189 eyes,mechanical ocular trauma accounted for 130 eyes,of which 105(80.8%,105/130)eyes had open globe injuries and 25(19.2%,25/130)eyes had closed globe injuries.122 eyes received emergency surgery within 24 h after injury(accounts for 83.6%of emergency surgical cases,122/146).In 36 eyes with complete follow-up data,the initial visual acuity distribution was:blind 23 eyes(63.9%),low visual acuity 6 eyes(16.7%),visual acuity≥0.3 in 7 eyes(19.4%).At the last follo

关 键 词：儿童眼外伤 损伤特点 视力 预后 

分 类 号：R779.1[医药卫生—眼科]