大豆抗裂荚基因pdh1在育成品种中的分布  

Distribution of pod shattering resistance gene pdh1 in cultivated soybean varieties

作　　者：邓克林 郝青南[1,2] 窦玲 屈艳慧 陈水莲 杨红丽[1,2] 单志慧 DENG Ke-lin;HAO Qing-nan;DOU Ling;QU Yan-hui;CHEN Shui-lian;YANG Hong-li;SHAN Zhi-hui(Oil Crops Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430062,China;Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Oil Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuhan 430062,China;Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所,湖北武汉430062 [2]农业农村部油料作物生物学与遗传改良重点实验室,湖北武汉430062 [3]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2025年第2期338-343,共6页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：中国农业科学院油料作物研究所所级重点任务(CAAS-OCRI-ZDRW-202101)。

摘　　要：大豆裂荚是导致大豆产量大幅衰减的原因之一。pdh1基因是控制大豆抗裂荚的主要基因之一,但其作用受环境因素影响较大,目前在育种中尚未充分利用。为探究抗裂荚基因应用在育种中的可行性,以抗裂荚基因pdh1为筛选标记,对1929-2021年期间育成的348个品种进行分析。结果表明:pdh1的携带与否和品种的抗裂荚性密切相关;348份材料中有255份含有pdh1基因,占总数的73.3%。pdh1基因的分布有着明显的地域特点,其中东北地区大豆品种的pdh1基因含有率为80%~85%,黄淮地区的品种中pdh1基因含有率为68%~72.1%,而南方地区育成品种pdh1基因含有率只占30%~36.3%。南方地区育成品种中的抗裂荚基因占有率较低可能与南方高湿气候特点有关。因此,以分子标记检测为主进行南方大豆抗裂荚筛选,可以克服环境影响,提高选择效率。Soybean pod shattering is a significant challenge to soybean production.The pdh1 gene is one of the main genes controlling soybean pod shattering resistance,and is greatly influenced by environments,which limits its utilization in breeding.To explore the feasibility of anti-pod shattering genes in breeding and reduce soybean yield loss,this study used anti-pod-shattering gene pdh1 as a marker to analyze 348 varieties cultivated between 1929 and 2021.Results revealed that pod dehiscence is highly related to the carrying of pdh1.255 out of 348 materials carried pdh1 gene,accounting for 73.3%of the total.The distribution of pdh1 gene has obvious regional variations:80%-85%of varieties from Northeast region had pdh1,and 68%-72.1%of varieties from Huanghuai harbored pdh1,while only 30%-36.3%varieties from Southern China possessed pdh1.The low proportion of varieties from Southern China with pdh1 might be related to high humidity climate in these areas.Therefore,using molecular marker detection as the primary method for screening anti-shattering pods in southern soybeans might overcome environmental influences and improve selection efficiency.

关 键 词：大豆 抗裂荚 pdh1 地域分布 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]