花生籽仁中10种氨基酸含量遗传与QTL定位分析  

Genetic analysis and QTL mapping for the contents of 10 amino acids in peanut seed

作　　者：郭颂 胡朋举 宋亚辉[2] 金欣欣[2] 苏俏 刘立峰[1] 杨永庆[2] 王瑾[2] GUO Song;HU Peng-ju;SONG Ya-hui;JIN Xin-xin;SU Qiao;LIU Li-feng;YANG Yong-qing;WANG Jin(College of Agronomy,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050035,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学农学院,河北保定071001 [2]河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所/河北省遗传育种重点实验室,河北石家庄050035

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2025年第2期363-369,共7页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-13);河北省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(HBCT2023030101、HBCT2023030204、HBCT2023030105);河北省现代种业科技创新专项(21326316D)。

摘　　要：氨基酸成分决定蛋白品质。为阐释花生氨基酸成分遗传规律和遗传基础,以冀花6号和开选01-6为亲本构建的RIL群体为材料对10种氨基酸含量开展遗传和QTL定位分析。结果显示,10种氨基酸的平均值为0.24~2.42 mg/g,表型变异为4.35%~11.49%,遗传率为0.851~0.929,偏度和峰度绝对值为0.06~1.97,表明它们是由多基因控制的数量性状,表型变异主要由基因引起。绝大多数氨基酸性状之间显著相关,4种氨基酸(缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸及苯丙氨酸)之间关系密切,相关系数大于0.91。此外,8种氨基酸定位到23个相关QTL位点,LOD值在2.58~15.48之间,单个QTL可解释各自性状的2.95%~26.09%的表型,相同性状的QTL可累计解释8.13%~43.48%的遗传变异。贡献率超过10%的主效QTL有4个,分别为qMet_6,qLeu_1,qPhe_1和qHis_1。近等基因系结果显示qMet_6可显著增加32.61%蛋氨酸和12.70%组氨酸含量,说明qMet_6是一个主效QTL位点。本研究结果为分子标记辅助育种、QTL的精细定位及关键调控基因的克隆奠定了基础。Amino acid composition is the key of protein quality.To better understand the genetics of peanut amino acid composition,QTL mapping of 10 amino acid contents were carried out by using a RIL population from Jihua 6 and Kaixuan 01-6.Results showed that mean values of the 10 amino acids ranged from 0.24 to 2.42 mg/g.Their phenotypic variation ranged from 4.35%to 11.49%,and their heritability ranged from 0.851 to 0.929,with absolute values of skewness and kurtosis from 0.06 to 1.97.It suggested that the above might be quantitative traits controlled by multiple genes.Most traits of the amino acid contents were significantly correlated,and 4 amino acid traits(i.e.valine,isoleucine,leucine and phenylalanine)were closely correlated with the correlation coefficient more than 0.91.In addition,23 QTLs associated to 8 amino acids were detected with LOD values ranging from 2.58 to 15.48.One single QTL could explain 2.95%-26.09%phenotype variation,and QTLs for the same amino acid trait could cumulatively explain 8.13%-43.48%phenotype variation.Totally 4 major QTLs contributed more than 10%,namely qMet_6,qLeu_1,qPhe_1 and qHis_1.Near-isogenic line results showed that qMet_6 could significantly increase Met(methionine)content by 32.61%and His(histidine)by 12.70%,indicating that qMet_6 was a major QTL.These were expected to be used on molecular marker-assisted breeding,fine mapping and key gene cloning for peanut.

关 键 词：花生 氨基酸 遗传分析 QTL定位 近等基因系 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]