我国石榴主要品种及育种方向  

The Main Varieties and Breeding Direction of Pomegranate in China

作　　者：谭旦丹 郝丽 马超 刘云国 TAN Dandan;HAO Li;MA Chao;LIU Yunguo(College of Life Sciences,Linyi University,Linyi 276000,China)

机构地区：[1]临沂大学生命科学学院,山东临沂276000

出　　处：《中国果菜》2025年第4期80-84,共5页China Fruit & Vegetable

基　　金：山东省“青创人才引育计划”创新团队项目(鲁教科函〔2021〕51号)。

摘　　要：石榴是千屈菜科石榴属落叶灌木或乔木,果实蕴含较高的营养价值与独特的风味,深受消费者喜爱。我国作为石榴栽培历史悠久的国家,现已形成山东、河南、陕西、云南、安徽、新疆六大石榴核心产区。本文系统综述了各产区主要栽培品种、品质及用途。枣庄的‘大青皮甜’以其果皮薄、口感甜美和抗病虫害能力强而著称;河南的‘豫大籽’果大、出汁率高,适合贮存;陕西的‘陕西大籽’果实超大,抗寒性优良;云南的‘突尼斯软籽’则因籽软易咀嚼,适合老人儿童食用。针对当前育种研究集中于高产、早熟、果实性状等传统育种方面,本文提出了未来应重点突破传统选育模式,利用分子技术提升石榴的耐寒性与耐贮性,为促进我国石榴资源研究,助力果业增产、果农增收。Pomegranate(Punica granatum L.)is a deciduous shrub or tree of the genus Pomegranate in the family of Lythraceae,and the pomegranate fruit contains extremely rich nutritional value and unique flavor,which is loved by consumer.As a country with a long history of pomegranate cultivation,China has now formed six major pomegranate core production areas in Shandong,Henan,Shaanxi,Yunnan,Anhui and Xinjiang.This article systematically reviewed the main cultivated varieties in various regions,qualities and uses.The‘Daqingpitian’from Zaozhuang was renowned for its thin skin,sweet taste,and strong resistance to pests and diseases.The‘Yu Dazi’from Henan was characterized by its large fruit size and high juice yield,making it suitable for storage.The‘Shaanxi Dazi’from Shaanxi was distinguished by its exceptionally large fruit and excellent cold resistance.Meanwhile,the‘Tunisia Soft Seed’from Yunnan was favored for its soft seeds,which were easy to chew,making it particularly suitable for consumption by the elderly and children.In view of the current breeding research focusing on high yield,early maturity,fruit traits and other traditional breeding,this paper proposed that in the future,we should focus on breaking through the traditional breeding model and improving the cold tolerance and storage tolerance of pomegranate by molecular technology,so as to promote China’s research on the pomegranate resources,and to help realize the fruit industry to increase production and increase the income of the fruit growers.

关 键 词：石榴 营养价值 栽培品种 育种方向 产业发展 

分 类 号：Q-9[生物学]