“虚”“实”之间:“虚拟现实”的文化符号阐释  

Between “Virtual” and “Real”:A Cultural Semiotic Interpretation of “Virtual Reality”

作　　者：郝慧敏 HAO Huimin(School of Liberal Arts,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学文学院,上海200444

出　　处：《南昌大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2025年第2期50-59,共10页Journal of Nanchang University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“法兰克福学派的美国时期研究”(23CZW071);中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目“法兰克福学派的美国化研究”(2023M742210)。

摘　　要：虚拟现实技术带来了全新的沉浸与交互体验,促使人们不断思考虚拟与现实的关系问题。事实上,技术意义上的“虚拟现实”仅仅是狭义的“虚拟现实”。通过揭示“虚拟现实”如何被表象成为一种广义的文化符号观念,既可以全面透视虚拟与现实在不同层面的复杂多重关系,也可以更加深入地理解“虚拟现实”如何从符号逻辑经由媒介技术转化为文化现实的具体过程。首先,作为前技术形态的符号化思维空间,“虚拟现实”是一种去物质化的过程,通过隐喻性交互界面连接着相互平行的“虚拟”与“现实”两个世界。其次,作为准技术形态的媒介技术环境,“虚拟现实”所创造的“数字实在”,“虚”中含“实”,“实”中蕴“虚”,既是一种建构的主观真实,也有自然现实的存在根基。再次,作为技术衍生形态的社会文化景观,“虚拟现实”具有“现实的虚拟化”与“虚拟的现实化”双向转换路径。从符号化思维空间到媒介技术环境,再到社会文化景观,“虚拟现实”的“自然现实性”特征逐步外显,呈现出由“虚”到“实”的发展态势。Virtual reality technology introduces a novel immersive and interactive experience,which has prompted people's continuous reflection on the relationship between the virtual and the real.In fact,“virtual reality” in the technological sense is merely “virtual reality” in the narrow conception of the term.Thus,by disclosing how “virtual reality” is represented as a cultural symbol in a broader sense,we would not only have a comprehensive understanding of the intricate and multifaceted relationships between the “virtual” and the “real” across different dimensions but also have an enriched perspective on how “virtual reality” transforms from symbolic systems through media technology into cultural reality.Firstly,as the pre-technological form-symbolic cognitive spaces,“virtual reality” is a process of dematerialization,bridging the parallel worlds of the “virtual” and the “real” through metaphorical interactive interfaces.Secondly,as the technological form-technological media environment,“virtual reality” constructs a digital reality where the “virtual” and the “real” interpenetrate each other.This duality provides a “constructed reality” with its foundations in “natural reality”.Thirdly,as the post-technological form-socio-cultural landscapes,“virtual reality” embodies a two-way transformation:“the virtualization of the real” and “the actualization of the virtual”.From the symbolic cognitive spaces to technological media environment,and then to socio-cultural landscapes,the “virtual reality” manifests progressively its characteristic of “natural reality” undergoing a developmental trajectory from the “virtual” to the “real”.

关 键 词：虚拟现实 “虚”“实”之间 符号化思维空间 媒介技术环境 社会文化景观 

分 类 号：I01[文学—文学理论]