政策试验的人机协同与风险规制:基于养老领域的案例研究  

Human-Machine Collaboration and Risk Regulation in Policy Experimentation:A Case Study of Elderly Care Reform in China

作　　者：邹昀瑾 李明远 白智立[2,3] ZOU Yunjin;LI Mingyuan;BAI Zhili

机构地区：[1]清华大学公共管理学院,北京100084 [2]北京大学政府管理学院 [3]北京大学人力资源开发与管理研究中心,北京100871

出　　处：《社会工作》2025年第2期25-43,157-159,共22页Journal of Social Work

基　　金：北京市科学技术委员会、北京市科技战略决策咨询委员会项目“人工智能与数据要素驱动的科研新范式探索及模式研究”(项目编号:Z241100009224012);中国科协“科技智库青年人才计划”(项目编号:XMSB20240710019);中国博士后科学基金面上资助“公共安全政策试验的决策模拟与执行评估机制研究”(项目编号:2023M741906)。

摘　　要：政策试验在应对老龄化社会挑战和推动养老领域改革中发挥着重要作用。尽管已有大量研究关注政策试验的设计和效果,但对人机协同与风险规制这两个关键维度的系统探讨仍然不足。本文基于养老领域试点案例研究,聚焦多城市养老领域的治理实践,探讨了人机协同与风险规制在政策试验中的机制,以揭示人机协同如何在提升养老服务效率和质量方面发挥作用,以及风险规制何以保障政策试验的稳定性和可持续性。进一步提炼了两个维度在不同试验模式中的交互机制,特别是在高风险领域如何通过严格的规制与技术创新的结合,平衡技术创新与风险管理。研究一定程度上丰富了政策试验的理论框架,扩展了人机协同与风险规制的解释机制。The acceleration of societal aging has put traditional elderly care models under systemic pressure,highlighting the structural contradictions between service provision capabilities and diverse needs.Against this backdrop,the integration of artificial intelligence with traditional manpower in a human-machine collaboration(HMC)model presents unique value:optimizing chronic disease management through health monitoring systems,enhancing convenience with smart home devices,and assisting daily care with nursing robots.Not only does technology enable more efficient services,but it also redefines the quality dimensions of elderly care.This paper,based on pilot case studies in the elderly care field and focusing on governance practices in multiple cities,proposes an analytical framework of“Human-Machine Collaboration-Risk Regulation”,further deconstructing into deep embedded collaboration,node empowerment collaboration,and rigid versus flexible regulation.This research explores the operational logic of human-machine collaboration and risk regulation in policy experiments within the elderly care field,delving into how different depths of collaboration and regulatory strategies impact the implementation of policies.From the perspective of human-machine collaboration and risk regulation,This study refines the operational mechanisms of policy experiments and examines how the interactions between these two elements optimize policy execution in the elderly care sector.The findings reveal that various types of elderly care policy experiments demonstrate the diverse applications of human-machine collaboration,with the severity of risk regulation directly affecting the outcomes of these experiments.Under high-risk regulation,policy experiments tend to adopt more conservative innovation strategies to ensure robust policy implementation;conversely,experiments under low-risk regulation exhibit higher flexibility and innovativeness.Importantly,the effective integration of human-machine collaboration and risk regulation is key to t

关 键 词：人机协同 风险规制 养老改革 政策试验 

分 类 号：C916[经济管理]