全球海洋叶绿素a浓度时空演变及其与气候变化因子的相关分析  

Spatiotemporal variability of global ocean Chlorophyll-a concentration and its correlation with climate change factors

作　　者：翁清鹏 秦泉 李峰[2,3] 冯冬含 韩东枫[2,3] 王晗 卢辰 刘峻成 WENG Qingpeng;QIN Quan;LI Feng;FENG Donghan;HAN Dongfeng;WANG Han;LU Chen;LIU Juncheng(China Design Group Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210014,China;Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Shandong,Jinan 250031,China;Shandong Climate Center,Jinan 250031,China;School of Marine Sciences,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]华设设计集团股份有限公司,江苏南京210014 [2]山东省气象防灾减灾重点实验室,山东济南250031 [3]山东省气候中心,山东济南250031 [4]南京信息工程大学海洋科学学院,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《海洋气象学报》2025年第2期118-126,共9页Journal of Marine Meteorology

基　　金：华东区域气象科技协同创新基金合作项目(QYHZ202307);山东省气象局科研项目(2022sdqxm01)。

摘　　要：叶绿素a(Chlorophyll-a,Chl-a)浓度可以表征海洋浮游植物生物量,反映海洋生物的丰富度和多样性。卫星遥感技术在监测全球大尺度海洋Chl-a浓度时空分布方面展现出显著优势。基于2003—2022年MODIS(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)Chl-a浓度数据,调查分析全球大尺度海洋Chl-a浓度时空分布特征与变化趋势,进而分析其与全球海面温度(sea surface temperature,SST)、厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(El Nino-Southern Oscillation,ENSO)和印度洋偶极子(Indian Ocean Dipole,IOD)的相关关系。结果表明:(1)空间上,沿岸海域Chl-a浓度普遍高于离岸海域,远洋海域最低(小于0.03 mg·m^(-3))。时间上,Chl-a浓度呈明显的季节变化。相比近海水体,远洋Chl-a浓度季节变化不明显。(2)太平洋、印度洋、大西洋的远洋海域Chl-a浓度总体趋势变化较小。绝大多数近岸海域的Chl-a浓度呈增长趋势。(3)全球海洋水体Chl-a浓度最高的月份大致沿纬度方向呈现带状分布。(4)整体而言,Chl-a浓度与SST在40°S~40°N海域呈显著负相关关系(p<0.05),高纬度海域主要呈正相关。Chl-a浓度与ENSO和IOD之间的相关关系也呈现明显的季节性海域差异,表明ENSO和IOD对不同海域Chl-a浓度变化的影响不同。Chlorophyll-a(Chl-a)concentration serves as a crucial indicator of marine phytoplankton biomass,reflecting the richness and diversity of marine ecosystems.Satellite remote sensing technology offers significant advantages in monitoring the spatiotemporal distribution of large-scale Chl-a concentrations across global ocean waters.Using MODIS(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)Chl-a concentration data from 2003 to 2022,this study analyzes the spatiotemporal variability and trends of the Chl-a concentrations in global oceans,and their relationships with the global sea surface temperature(SST),El Nino-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)and the Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD)are examined.The results are outlined below.(1)Spatially,the Chl-a concentrations in coastal waters are generally higher than those in offshore waters,with the lowest concentrations observed in pelagic waters(less than 0.03 mg·m^(-3)).Seasonally,Chl-a concentrations exhibit significant variations,with nearshore waters showing more pronounced seasonal changes than pelagic waters.(2)In the open waters of the Pacific,Indian and Atlantic oceans,the trend of the Chl-a concentrations remains mildly changes.However,Chl-a concentrations show an increasing trend in the majority of nearshore waters.(3)The months with the highest Chl-a concentrations across global ocean waters vary in a band-like pattern with latitude.(4)Generally,the Chl-a concentrations exhibit significant negative correlations with SST(p<0.05)between 40°S and 40°N,while positive correlations are observed in other latitudes.The correlations between Chl-a concentrations and ENSO/IOD also display significant seasonal variations,indicating that ENSO and IOD have different impacts on the variations of Chl-a concentrations in different sea regions.

关 键 词：全球海域 Chl-a浓度 MODIS ENSO 时空变化 

分 类 号：P714[天文地球—海洋科学] P735