希腊哲学中ευδαιμονια的翻译和理解问题——以普罗提诺幸福论为中心  

Translation and Understanding Issues of ευδαιμονια in Greek Philosophy in the Perspective of Plotinus'Theory of Happiness

作　　者：刘玉鹏[1] LIU Yu-peng(Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学,昆明650091

出　　处：《云南大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期16-24,共9页The Journal of Yunnan University:Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要：ευδαιμονια是古希腊伦理学中最重要的属语,但学术界对于到底该如何翻译和理解这个核心术语向来争论不休。本文紧紧围绕普罗提诺《九章集》I.4、I.5这两篇著名的幸福论论文和柏拉图、亚里士多德的幸福论思想,批判性地考察了相关研究文献及其重要观点,深入展示了ευδαιμονια在希腊哲学史中尤其是在普罗提诺哲学中的多义性及其中心义,在此过程中也顺带揭示了近代哲学家例如康德对古希腊幸福主义的误解和贬低。本文的结论是,普罗提诺乃至希腊哲学中的ευδαιμονια最好还是仍然翻译为“幸福”,但同时也可以将它理解为“人的内在实在的良善”或“人的完善生命”。ευδαιμονια is the most important keyword in ancient Greek ethics,but the academic community has long debated how to translate and understand this core term.This paper focuses closely on Plotinus'two famous papers on happiness in Ennead I.4 and I.5,as well as the happiness theories of Plato and Aristotle.It critically examines the relevant research literature and their important viewpoints,and deeply demonstrates the polysemy and core meaning of ευδαιμονια in the history of Greek philosophy,especially in the philosophy of Plotinus.In this process,it also reveals the misinterpretation and devaluation of ancient Greek eudaimonism by early modern philosophers such as Kant.This paper concludes that the most suitable translation of ευδαιμονια in Plotinus and even in Greek philosophy should still be“happiness”,but it can also be understood as“the goodness of one's inner reality”or“the perfect life of man”.

关 键 词：普罗提诺 《九章集》 幸福 柏拉图 亚里士多德 

分 类 号：B502.44[哲学宗教—外国哲学]