类案推送系统的应用陷阱及其防范  

Application Pitfalls of the Similar Case Recommendation System and their Mitigation Strategies

作　　者：资琳[1] 周旋 ZI Lin;ZHOU Xuan(Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan 430073,China)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学,武汉430073

出　　处：《云南大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期125-134,共10页The Journal of Yunnan University:Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“智慧司法背景下案件事实的分层论证”(项目号:21AFX002)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：类案推送系统隐藏着价值遮蔽、关系割裂、细节裁减三重陷阱。系统对案件事实的标签化与量化处理方式,使隐含于事实背后的价值被悄然遮蔽。由于系统无法准确识别案件事实的实质相似关系,并且在因果判断中以或然性取代必然性,从而导致在案件事实认定上容易割裂各种要素之间的内在关联。案件事实的细节对案件整体性质的判断具有多重影响,面对复杂多变的案件文本,算法难以捕捉到复杂事实细节的意蕴,从而在数据预处理阶段错误剔除难以被标准化的关键事实细节。为了防范以上陷阱,首先需要加强人机对话商谈,促使机器判断在价值层面对齐人类偏好;其次,分类讨论各类事实关系标准,引导系统间的认知统一;再次,以人类智慧补充系统不足,通过文书之间关键性细节的对比核查,对有用细节进行二次提取补充。The similar case recommendation system is inherently susceptible to three operational pitfalls:value obfuscation,relational fragmentation and detail truncation.The system's categorical and quantitative processing of case facts inadvertently obscures the intrinsic value embedded within factual matrices.Operational deficiencies manifest in two dimensions:the system's inability to discern substantive similarity relationships between case facts,coupled with its substitution of probabilistic reasoning for deterministic causality in judicial determinations,consequently severing the inherent connections among case elements.Factual details exert multidimensional influence on the determination of the nature of the case,yet algorithmic models struggle to capture the contextual nuances of complex evidentiary particulars during the textual processing,resulting in the erroneous elimination of non-standardizable key details at the data-preprocessing stage.Mitigation strategies involve three progressive measures:first,enhancing the human-machine deliberative discourse to align computational judgments with human value preferences;second,establishing categorical analysis frameworks for factual relationships to achieve inter-system cognitive consistency;third,implementing human expertise supplementation through the comparative verification of evidentiary details across legal documents,and enabling the secondary extraction and augmentation of material particulars.

关 键 词：类案推送 应用陷阱 人机协同 

分 类 号：D926[政治法律—法学]