失能老人家庭照护类型及差异化社会支持研究——基于扎根理论与选择实验的混合研究  

Patterns of home care and the construction of classified social support model for older adults with disabilities:a mixed methods study

作　　者：肖峰[1] 赵庆华[1] 曹松梅[2] 唐娇 向小娅 XIAO Feng;ZHAO Qinghua;CAO Songmei;TANG Jiao;XIANG Xiaoya(Department of Nursing,the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016;Department of Nursing,Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212000;School of Nursing,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属第一医院护理部,重庆400016 [2]江苏大学附属医院护理部,江苏镇江212000 [3]重庆医科大学护理学院,重庆400016

出　　处：《南京医科大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期131-138,共8页Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“家庭生命周期视角下失能老人家庭差异化社会支持模式构建研究”(21BRK013)。

摘　　要：文章采用混合研究设计,第一阶段,运用扎根理论对25个失能老人的家庭照护者进行半结构访谈,结合扎根理论三级编码流程,提炼出20个子范畴、12个主范畴,构建包含照护三阶段的差异化社会支持理论框架。第二阶段,设计离散选择实验问卷,调查东、中、西部地区3省份331户失能老人家庭。结果显示,失能老人家庭存在3种照护类型,分别是重失能强照护型、轻失能中照护型和照护无力型。社会支持总体偏好依次为医疗支持、工具支持、情感支持、组织支持和信息支持。该研究拓展了家庭及社会支持理论,提出针对不同家庭照护类型,分别给予辅助教育支持、部分支持和全支持的差异化支持举措。This study explores different home care patterns and their diverse social support preferences in the context of weakening family care functions.A mixed-method research design was used.In the first stage,grounded theory was applied to conduct semi-structured interviews with 25 caregivers.By combining the three stages of grounded theory coding,this study identifies 20 sub-categories and 12 main categories,constructing a theoretical framework of differentiated social support across three care stages.In the second stage,a discrete choice experiment survey was conducted among 331 families with functionally disabled older adults in the eastern,central and western regions of China.Results reveal three types of home care:intensive care for severe disability,intermediate care for mild disability,and inadequate care for disability.Overall preferences for social support were ranked as medical,instrumental,emotional,organizational,and informational support.This study expands the family life cycle theory and social support theory and proposes differentiated social support measures for different types of home care,such as supplementary educational support,partial and full support.

关 键 词：失能老人 离散选择实验 社会支持 家庭照护 扎根理论 

分 类 号：C913.6[经济管理]