基于大食物观的森林食用菌产业现状、问题与对策  

Current situation analysis,problems,and countermeasures of edible forest mushroom industry based on the big food view

作　　者：魏杰 曹子恒 黄晨阳[2] WEI Jie;CAO Ziheng;HUANG Chenyang(Inner Mongolia Engineering Technology Research Center of Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization,Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Synthetic Biology,Laboratory of Cultivation and Utilization of Edible Forest Mushroom Resources,College of Life Sciences,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia,China;State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arable Land in China,Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学生命科学学院,内蒙古自治区高校生物种质资源保护与利用工程研究中心,微生物资源及合成生物学实验室,森林食用菌资源培育与利用研究室,内蒙古呼和浩特 [2]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室,农业农村部农业微生物资源收集与保藏重点实验室,北京

出　　处：《微生物学报》2025年第4期1714-1725,共12页Acta Microbiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32460793)。

摘　　要：森林食用菌是森林食品的重要组成部分,也是助力森林实现“水库、钱库、粮库和碳库”功能的重要资源。向森林要食物,是践行大食物观的重要抓手之一。本文基于我国森林食用菌产业呈现良性发展但地区发展不均衡、林下人工食用菌种植规模较大但缺乏区域特色和精深加工、菌根食用菌优势明显但科技支撑不足等现状,在优化产业规划、强化科技资源投入、加快产业数智化及多模式发展、加强气候变化监测及种质资源保护等方面提出建议,以期为壮大森林食用菌产业并为践行大食物观提供科技支撑。Edible forest mushrooms are one of the main forest foods and an essential resource for forests to achieve the functions of conserving water,bringing in economic benefits,boosting grain production,and also serving as a carbon sink.This study summarizes the current situation of the edible forest mushroom industry in China,such as benign development with imbalanced regional development,scaled planting under forests but lack of regional characteristics and deep processing products,and the advantages of edible ectomycorrhizal mushrooms with weak scientific and technological support.Suggestions are put forward on optimizing planning,promoting the investment of scientific and technological resources,accelerating digital intelligence and multimode development,conducting climate change monitoring,and protecting germplasm resources,in order to make positive contributions to the development of the edible forest mushroom industry and provide scientific and technological support for the practice of the big food concept.

关 键 词：森林食用菌 森林食品 林下经济 林菇共育 菌根食用菌 

分 类 号：F326.13[经济管理—产业经济]