二甲戊灵降解菌群富集及其微生物群落结构演替  

Enrichment of pendimethalin-degrading microbial consortia and their succession

作　　者：焦思雨 马青云 孔德龙 周义清[4] 江旭[4] 张伟 罗晓霞[1] 阮志勇[4] JIAO Siyu;MA Qingyun;KONG Delong;ZHOU Yiqing;JIANG Xu;ZHANG Wei;LUO Xiaoxia;RUAN Zhiyong(College of Life Science and Technology,Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang,China;College of Life Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei,China;College of Life Sciences,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi,Xinjiang,China;State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China,Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学生命科学与技术学院,新疆阿拉尔 [2]华中农业大学生命科学技术学院,湖北武汉 [3]新疆师范大学生命科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐 [4]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室,北京

出　　处：《微生物学报》2025年第4期1788-1811,共24页Acta Microbiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32160002)。

摘　　要：二硝基苯胺类农药二甲戊灵作为苗前封闭除草剂,在新疆棉田广泛被用于杂草防控。二甲戊灵化学性质稳定,残留期长,具有生物积累性和生物放大性的特点,其大量使用导致土壤生态系统风险加剧。因此,二甲戊灵残留修复问题受到广泛关注。【目的】富集具有二甲戊灵降解能力的微生物菌群,深入研究二甲戊灵胁迫下富集培养过程中微生物群落的演替特征,确定二甲戊灵降解菌群的关键微生物。【方法】通过富集传代培养法,将长期受二甲戊灵胁迫的棉田土壤接种至含不同浓度二甲戊灵(0、1.2、12 mg/L)的基础无机盐培养基中,进行连续传代培养。采用高通量测序技术探究二甲戊灵胁迫下微生物群落结构的演替规律。【结果】通过富集培养获得了2个具有二甲戊灵降解功能的微生物菌群,其中L4组(低浓度组第4代)在11 d内对1.2 mg/L二甲戊灵的降解率达到100%,H4组(高浓度组第四代)在相同时间内对12 mg/L二甲戊灵的降解率为37.2%。高通量测序分析结果显示,二甲戊灵胁迫显著降低了微生物群落的α多样性,且细菌群落对二甲戊灵胁迫的响应强于真菌群落。二甲戊灵浓度差异显著改变了微生物群落结构。高浓度二甲戊灵胁迫降低了微生物网络的稳定性、复杂性及模块化程度。线性判别分析(linear discriminantanalysiseffectsize,LEf Se)显示,高浓度组细菌群落中的特征类群为无色杆菌属(Achromobacter)、雷夫松氏菌属(Leifsonia)、Candidatus_Nucleicultrix、肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)和金黄杆菌属(Chryseobacterium);低浓度组的特征类群为甲基营养菌属(Methyloversatilis)、假黄单胞菌属(Pseudoxanthomonas)、屈曲杆菌属(Ancylobacter)、甲基红杆菌属(Methylorubrum)、热单胞菌属(Thermomonas)和假黄色细杆菌属(Pseudoflavitalea)。篮状菌属(Talaromyces)、木霉属(Trichoderma)、副顶孢霉属(Paracremonium)、帚霉属(Scedosporium)和Sarocladium�The dinitroaniline herbicide pendimethalin,as a pre-emergent herbicide,is widely employed for weed control in cotton fields across Xinjiang.Characterized by chemical stability,prolonged residual activity,bioaccumulative potential,and biomagnification,it is extensively applied in agricultural practice,leading to increased risks to soil ecosystems.Accordingly,the removal of pendimethalin residues has garnered increasing attention.[Objective]To enrich the microbial consortia with pendimethalin-degrading ability,study succession characteristics of microbial consortia during the enrichment culture process under pendimethalin stress,and identify the key microorganisms involved in pendimethalin degradation.[Methods]The cotton field soil under long-term pendimethalin stress was inoculated into MSM media with pendimethalin at 0,1.2,and 12 mg/L,respectively.The succession of the microbial consortium structure under pendimethalin stress was investigated by high-throughput sequencing.[Results]Two microbial consortia capable of degrading pendimethalin were enriched.Among them,L4(low-concentration group)achieved a degradation rate of 100%for 1.2 mg/L pendimethalin within 11 days,while H4(high concentration group)showed a degradation rate of 37.2%for 12 mg/L pendimethalin over the same period.The alpha diversity of microbial consortia was considerably decreased by pendimethalin stress,and the bacteria responded to the stress more strongly than fungi.The microbial consortium structure varied with different concentrations of pendimethalin.The network stability,complexity,and modularity were diminished by pendimethalin stress.Linear discriminant analysis effect size(LEfSe)results showed that the specific bacterial taxa in the high concentration group were Achromobacter,Leifsonia,Candidatus_Nucleicultrix,Enterobacter,and Chryseobacterium.The specific bacterial taxa in the low concentration group were Methyloversatilis,Pseudoxanthomonas,Ancylobacter,Methylorubrum,Thermomonas,and Pseudoflavitalea.Talaromyces,Trichoderma,Paracremonium

关 键 词：二甲戊灵 微生物群落 污染物降解 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]