中年人的母亲与子女参照加工优势:知觉匹配任务证据  

Processing Advantages of Mother-Reference and Child-Reference in Middle-Aged Adults:Evidence from Perceptual Matching Task

作　　者：刘湍丽 许杨 陈昌明 LIU Tuanli;XU Yang;CHEN Changming(School of Educational Science,Xinyang Normal University,Xinyang 464000;School of Educational Sciences,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331)

机构地区：[1]信阳师范大学教育科学学院,信阳464000 [2]重庆师范大学教育科学学院,重庆401331

出　　处：《心理与行为研究》2025年第1期1-7,共7页Studies of Psychology and Behavior

基　　金：河南省研究生教育改革与质量提升工程项目(YJS2023KC27);河南省本科高校研究性教学示范课程“心理与教育研究方法”(教高[2024]403号45)。

摘　　要：将信息与自我建立联系能促进加工即为自我参照效应。中年人自我概念同时包含自我、子女和母亲。然而新建立的子女、母亲相关联系能否快速影响知觉加工尚未有研究涉及。本研究选取43~57岁的中年人为被试,采用改进的知觉匹配范式,通过4(身份标签:自我、子女、母亲、陌生他人)×2(匹配状态:匹配、不匹配)被试内设计对该问题进行考察。结果发现,参照自我和母亲的正确率高于参照陌生他人,参照自我的辨别力高于参照陌生他人,参照自我和子女的反应时快于参照陌生他人。结果表明,自我、子女和母亲可以快速建立与几何图形的联结并促进知觉加工,由此产生自我、母亲和子女参照效应。从知觉加工视角为中年中国人的自我结构中包含“母亲”和“子女”提供了证据。The self-reference effect refers to the fact that establishing a connection between specific information and oneself can promote processing.For middle-aged Chinese adults,the self-concept typically encompasses not only themselves but also their children and their mothers.However,whether the newly established connections related to children and mothers can rapidly influence perceptual processing has not been studied.By using a modified perceptual matching paradigm with a 4(identity labels:self,child,mother,stranger)×2(matching status:match,no match)within-subjects design,the present study examined the above question by selecting middle-aged adults between the ages of 43 and 57 as participants.The results showed that the accuracy in the self-and mother-reference condition was significantly higher than that in the stranger-reference condition.The d’in the self-reference condition was significantly higher than that in the stranger-reference condition.Additionally,reaction times in the self-and child-reference conditions were significantly shorter than that in the stranger-reference condition.These findings indicate that self,child,and mother can quickly establish associations with geometric shapes and facilitate perceptual processing,which result in self,mother,and child referencing effects.This study provides empirical evidence for the inclusion of“mother”and“child”components in the self-structure of middle-aged Chinese adults from the perceptual processing perspective.

关 键 词：自我参照 母亲参照 子女参照 知觉匹配任务 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]