受限空间天然气燃爆火焰自强化及冲击危害性  

Study on flame-self-strengthening and impact hazards of natural gas explosion in confined spaces

作　　者：王丹 史聪灵[1] 车洪磊[1] 张西西 李建[1] 任飞 李佳 王琛 郭少龙 WANG Dan;SHI Congling;CHE Honglei;ZHANG Xixi;LI Jian;REN Fei;LI Jia;WANG Chen;GUO Shaolong(Beijing Key Laboratory of Metro Fire and Passenger Transportation Safety,China Academy of Safety Science and Technology,Beijing 100012,China;CHN ENERGY Baotou Coal Chemical Co.,Ltd.,Baotou Inner Mongolia 014010,China;CHN ENERGY Shipping Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100080,China)

机构地区：[1]中国安全生产科学研究院地铁火灾及客流疏运安全北京市重点实验室,北京100012 [2]国能包头煤化工有限责任公司,内蒙古包头014010 [3]国家能源集团航运有限公司,北京100080

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2025年第4期34-40,共7页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3010601);国家自然科学基金项目(52204244);中国安全生产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2023JBKY07);国家能源集团安全生产管理体系研究项目(GJNY-23-1)。

摘　　要：为揭示管道密闭空间天然气燃爆自强化机制和冲击危害性,搭建长径比为27.5的水平燃爆实验管道,开展真实天然气-空气燃爆传播特性实验,并评估其冲击危害性。研究结果表明:在2 J的点火能量下,自加速火焰激发的压缩波速率远高于火焰传播速度,管道内宏观压力分布相对均匀;由于反射压力波对火焰前锋的交替压拉效应,火焰传播速度曲线均呈现双峰模式;初始压力高于0.06 MPa时的峰值超压均已超过超压准则的人员死亡临界值,而依据超压-冲量准则,当量比1.0~1.2范围内的冲击效应导致人员的致死率介于50%~99%。研究结果可为受限空间天然气燃爆灾害防控提供理论参考。To reveal the self-strengthening mechanism and impact hazard of natural gas explosion in the confined pipeline spaces,a horizontal explosion experimental pipeline with a length to diameter ratio of 27.5 was built.The experiments on the propagation characteristics of real natural gas and air explosion were carried out,and its impact hazard was evaluated.The results show that under the ignition energy of 2 J,the compression wave velocity excited by self-accelerating flames is much higher than the flame propagation velocity,and the macroscopic pressure distribution inside the pipeline is relatively uniform.Due to the alternating compression and tension effect of reflected pressure wave on the flame front,the flame propagation velocity curves exhibit a bimodal pattern.When the initial pressure is higher than 0.06 MPa,the peak overpressure has exceeded the critical value for personnel death according to the overpressure criterion.According to the P-I criterion,the impact effect within the equivalence ratio range of 1.0~1.2 results in a mortality rate of 50~99%.The research results can provide a theoretical reference for the prevention and control of natural gas explosion disaster in confined spaces.

关 键 词：密闭空间 火焰强化 燃爆后果 毁伤准则 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]