下穿采空区隧道围岩加固方案控制效果分析  

Control effect analysis of surrounding rock reinforcement schemes for tunnels undercrossing goaf

作　　者：赵猛 李少华 郭军[2] 郭佳奇[1] 孙峰伟[2] 梁世凡 ZHAO Meng;LI Shaohua;GUO Jun;GUO Jiaqi;SUN Fengwei;LIANG Shifan(College of Civil Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo Henan 454000,China;China Railway 15th Bureau Group Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200070,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学土木工程学院,河南焦作454000 [2]中铁十五局集团有限公司,上海200070

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2025年第4期94-104,共11页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：中国铁建股份有限公司2023年度科研项目(2023B7)。

摘　　要：为研究隧道下穿采空区时不同加固措施对隧道围岩与初期支护的控制效果,依托某在建高铁隧道项目,在FLAC3D中通过不同加固方案的设计,对比分析隧道开挖过程中不同方案对隧道围岩的变形特征、应力变化规律与初期支护最大轴力的影响,得出锚杆注浆加固与管棚注浆加固的围岩控制规律,由此设计用料较少且能达到较好围岩控制效果的组合加固方案。研究结果表明:锚杆注浆加固方案中,增加锚杆注浆厚度可有效控制围岩变形、受力与初期支护最大轴力,但注浆厚度不变时,增大锚杆长度对隧道稳定性控制效果影响较小;管棚注浆加固方案中,保持管棚长度不变增大注浆范围时可减小围岩变形、受力与初期支护最大轴力,从而增加围岩稳定性,但保持注浆角度不变增加管棚长度时,将增大围岩变形与受力;组合加固方案在控制用料的同时达到较好的围岩控制效果,本算例中注浆厚度与角度相同时,组合加固方案的隧道围岩变形、拱顶应力、初期支护最大轴力较单一锚杆注浆加固相比分别减少了22.3%,53.0%,10.7%,较单一管棚注浆加固相比分别减少了13.0%,36.1%,17.8%。组合加固方案较无加固措施时相比可减小60%~70%围岩变形与受力。研究结果可为类似隧道的加固方案设计提供参考。To study the control effect of different reinforcement measures on the surrounding rock and initial support of tunnel undercrossing goaf,relying on a high-speed railway tunnel project under construction,different reinforcement schemes were designed in FLAC 3D,and the influence of different schemes on the deformation characteristics,stress variation of tunnel surrounding rock,and the maximum axial force of initial support during tunnel excavation was compared and analyzed.The control laws of surrounding rock under bolt grouting and pipe-roof grouting reinforcement were obtained,and a combined reinforcement scheme with reduced material usage and enhanced effectiveness of surrounding rock control was designed.The results show that in the bolt grouting reinforcement scheme,increasing the bolt grouting thickness can effectively control the surrounding rock deformation,stress,and the maximum axial force of initial support.However,when the grouting thickness is constant,increasing the bolt length has little effect on the stability control effect of tunnel.In the pipe-roof grouting reinforcement scheme,increasing the grouting range while keeping pipe-roof length constant can reduce the surrounding rock deformation,stress,and the maximum axial force of initial support,thus enhancing the surrounding rock stability,but increasing the pipe-roof length while keeping grouting range constant will increase the surrounding rock deformation and stress.The combined reinforcement scheme achieves better surrounding rock control effect with controlled material usage.In this example,when the grouting thickness and angle are the same,the surrounding rock deformation,vault stress and the maximum axial force of initial support of the combined reinforcement scheme are reduced by 22.3%,53.0%and 10.7%respectively compared with the single bolt grouting reinforcement,and 13.0%,36.1%and 17.8%respectively compared with the single pipe-roof grouting reinforcement.The combined reinforcement scheme can reduce the deformation and stress of surroundi

关 键 词：隧道 下穿采空区 围岩 加固方案 效果分析 数值模拟 

分 类 号：X947[环境科学与工程—安全科学]