考虑推力轴承油膜影响的船舶轴系纵向减振分析  

Analysis of Longitudinal Vibration Reduction of Ship Shafting Considering Influence of Oil Film of Thrust Bearing

作　　者：夏靖 周自豪 XIA Jing;ZHOU Zihao(School of Mechanical Engineering,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学机械自动化学院,湖北武汉430081

出　　处：《造船技术》2025年第2期38-45,共8页

摘　　要：船舶轴系的纵向振动是影响船舶整体安全性能的重要因素,在轴系变转速的情况下,推力轴承油膜会发生变化,反映轴系纵向振动特性。为探究油膜与纵向振动的关系,根据推力轴承油膜的时变情况,分析油膜刚度与轴系转速之间的对应关系。采用雷诺方程求解推力轴承油膜的润滑情况,采用拉格朗日方程对轴系整体的纵向振动进行分析,并比较油膜刚度变化对不同减振方式的影响。结果显示:在一定轴系转速范围内,油膜刚度变化主要由推力瓦尺寸决定,采用半主动减振受到油膜刚度的影响更小,但所受影响随轴系转速的增大而增大;在动力吸振器(Dynamic Vibration Absorber,DVA)的吸振参数设计中,以油膜刚度变化的影响为依据,优化吸振参数可提升减振效果。The longitudinal vibration of ship shafting is an important factor affecting the overall ship safety performance.In the case of variable speed of shafting,the oil film of thrust bearing changes,which can reflect the longitudinal vibration characteristics of the shafting.In order to explore the relationship between oil film and longitudinal vibration,the corresponding relationship between oil film stiffness and shafting speed is analyzed according to the time-varying situation of oil film of thrust bearing.The lubrication situation of oil film of thrust bearing is solved with Reynolds equation,the overall longitudinal vibration of shafting is analyzed with Lagrange equation,and the influences of oil film stiffness on different ways of vibration reduction are compared.The results show that:in certain shafting speed range,the change of oil film stiffness is mainly determined by the size of thrust bearing shoe,and the way of semi-active vibration reduction is less affected by oil film stiffness,but the influence increases as the speed of shafting increases;in the vibration absorption parameter design of Dynamic Vibration Absorber(DVA),the optimization of vibration absorption parameters can improve the effect of vibration reduction according to the influences of oil film stiffness changes.

关 键 词：船舶轴系 纵向振动 半主动减振 推力轴承 油膜刚度 轴系转速 动力吸振器 吸振参数 

分 类 号：U661.44[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]