油茶鲜果采后处理工艺优化  

Optimization of Postharvest Treatment of Fresh Camellia Fruit

作　　者：陈鹏 黎贵卿[2,3] 张琴 唐颖 陈修权 CHEN Peng;LI Guiqing;ZHANG Qin;TANG Ying;CHEN Xiuquan(Guangxi State-owned Sanmenjiang Forest Farm,Liuzhou 545006,Guangxi,China;Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Nanning 530000,Guangxi,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-wood Forests Cultivation and Utilization,Nanning 530000,Guangxi,China;Guangxi Sanmenjiang Ecological Camellia Oil Co.,Ltd.,Liuzhou 545616,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区国有三门江林场,广西柳州545006 [2]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院,广西南宁530000 [3]广西特色经济林培育与利用重点实验室,广西南宁530000 [4]广西三门江生态茶油有限责任公司,广西柳州545616

出　　处：《食品研究与开发》2025年第7期96-101,共6页Food Research and Development

基　　金：广西林业科技推广示范项目(2023GXLK01、2023GXLK09);广西创新驱动发展专项资金项目(桂科AA20302021-6)。

摘　　要：为提高油茶籽的含油率,针对油茶果后熟的特性,对采后油茶果进行N_(2)和CO_(2)气调胁迫处理,通过调节处理温度、处理湿度和处理时间,加速油茶鲜果完成后熟。正交试验和扩大稳定试验结果表明,充入N_(2),处理温度40℃、处理湿度95%、处理时间7 h,干油茶籽含油率达到32%以上,维生素E含量、油酸含量、亚油酸含量和酸价等指标均优于直接脱蒲-烘干、堆沤-烘干、堆沤-摊晒-晒干等处理方法。因此,N_(2)胁迫处理油茶果可以提高油茶籽的含油率,缩短处理时间。To improve the oil content of Camellia oleifera seeds,postharvest camellia fruits were treated with N_(2)and CO_(2)controlled atmosphere stress targeting the characteristic postharvest maturation of camellia fruits.The maturation process of fresh camellia fruits was accelerated by adjusting treatment temperature,humidity,and time.Orthogonal and extended stability tests showed that after N_(2)treatment with a processing temperature of 40℃,humidity of 95%,and treatment time of 7 hours,the oil content of dried camellia seeds reached over 32%.Indicators such as vitamin E content,oleic acid content,linoleic acid content,and acid value were all superior to those of direct degumming-drying,composting-drying,and composting-spreading-drying treatments.N_(2)stress treatment of camellia fruits can increase the oil content of camellia seeds,shorten processing time.

关 键 词：油茶鲜果 后熟处理 N_(2) CO_(2) 含油率 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]