意识形态视角下美国联邦政府教师教育治理理念的演变分析  

An Analysis of the Evolution of the U.S.Federal Government's Concept of Teacher Education Governance from an Ideological Perspective

作　　者：郭芳[1] 朱旭东[2] GUO Fang;ZHU Xudong(College of Teacher Education,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024;Center of Teacher Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学教师教育学院,河北石家庄050024 [2]教育部普通高校人文社会科学重点研究基地北京师范大学教师教育研究中心,北京100875

出　　处：《外国教育研究》2025年第3期3-13,共11页Studies in Foreign Education

摘　　要：可实践性是任何意识形态的基本特征和功能,认同一种意识形态正是人们在任何特定的社会中从事任何实践活动的前提。美国联邦政府教师教育治理理念的历史演变是接受主流意识形态影响的结果,联邦政府意识形态的发展变化主要以自由主义与保守主义的博弈为核心经历三个阶段,教师教育治理理念也随之呈现相应的不同特征。一是20世纪20年代之前古典自由主义统摄下自由主义和保守主义保持平衡的阶段,教师教育治理坚持联邦政府的不干预主义。二是20世纪30年代,罗斯福新政打破自由主义与保守主义之间的平衡,形成国家干预经济的现代自由主义,教师教育治理强调经济角度的政府间接干预。三是20世纪80年代以来,自由主义无法统一美国社会的思想与文化,导致左翼激进主义和右翼保守主义同时走上政治舞台,形成多元化意识形态的共存,教师教育治理理念表现为新保守主义与新自由主义合流的政府基于标准/结果的问责干预。Practicability is the basic feature and function of any ideology,and identifi⁃cation with an ideology is the prerequisite for people to engage in any practical activities in any particular society.The historical evolution of the U.S.federal government's concept of teacher education governance is the result of accepting the influence of the mainstream ide⁃ology,the development of the federal government's ideology is mainly based on the liberal⁃ism and conservatism of the game as the core of the three phases,the concept of governance of teacher education is also presented with the corresponding different characteristics:First,before the 1920s,the classical liberalism under the domination of liberalism and con⁃servatism to maintain a balance of the stage of the federal government.The first is the peri⁃od before the 1920s when liberalism and conservatism were balanced under classical liber⁃alism.Second,in the 1930s,Roosevelt's New Deal broke the balance between liberalism and conservatism,forming a modern liberalism of state intervention in the economy,and the governance of teacher education emphasized indirect government intervention from the eco⁃nomic perspective.Third,since the 1980s,liberalism has been unable to unify the ideology and culture of American society,leading to the simultaneous emergence of left-wing radi⁃calism and right-wing conservatism on the political stage,forming the coexistence of plural⁃istic ideologies,and the concept of teacher education governance has manifested itself as a merger of neo-conservatism and neo-liberalism with standards/results-based governmental accountability intervention.

关 键 词：意识形态 教师教育治理理念 古典自由主义 现代自由主义 新保守主义 新自由主义 

分 类 号：G451[文化科学—教育学] G712[文化科学—教育技术学]