云南曲靖地区玉米真菌毒素污染情况分析研究  

Analysis and Research of Fungal Toxins Contamination of Maize in the Qujing Region of Yunnan Province

作　　者：郭颖 陈雪峰 卢献礼 刘付英 卢兴稳 曾繁添 放茂良 石智鹏 王忻 杨瑾 陶银 聂绪恒 许辉 史会蓉 张祥 崔亚福 Guo Ying;Chen Xuefeng;Lu Xianli;Liu Fuying;Lu Xingwen;Zeng Fantian;Fang Maoliang;Shi Zhipeng;Wang Xin;Yang Jin;Tao Yin;Nie Xuheng;Xu Hui;Shi Huirong;Zhang Xiang;Cui Yafu(Yunnan Grain and Oil Science Research Institute,650033;China Grain Reserves Management Group Co.,Ltd.Yunnan Branch 650028;Sinograin Qujing Depot Co.,Ltd.66300)

机构地区：[1]云南省粮油科学研究院,650033 [2]中国储备粮管理集团有限公司云南分公司,650028 [3]中央储备粮曲靖直属库有限公司,663000

出　　处：《粮食储藏》2025年第1期83-89,共7页Grain Storage

摘　　要：分别对云南曲靖部分地区田间、农户储存、机械烘干后的玉米黄曲霉毒素B1、呕吐毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮3种真菌毒素的污染情况进行了调查分析。在收获期随机抽取70余份玉米,涉及曲靖地区3个县(区)31自然村和3个产后服务烘干基地,采用高效液相色谱法对其黄曲霉素B1(AFB1)、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)及玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)的含量进行分析检测,并按照GB 2761-2017《食品安全国家标准食品中真菌毒素限量》对结果进行分析评价。结果显示,玉米收获期在田间检出玉米赤霉烯酮超标,超标率为14.8%,超标幅度最大为266.7%,检出结果范围在9.5μg/kg~220μg/kg;在农户储存期间玉米呕吐毒素超标率为30.6%,检出结果范围在200.6μg/kg~5670μg/kg,玉米赤霉烯酮超标率为22.2%,检出结果范围在12μg/kg~1200μg/kg之间,且存在2种真菌共污染现象,共污染比例为13.9%;玉米在烘干后呕吐毒素超标率为11.1%,检出结果范围在344.0μg/kg~2110μg/kg之间,玉米赤霉烯酮超标率为88.9%,检出结果范围在21μg/kg~210μg/kg之间,玉米赤霉烯酮超标率和超标幅度均远高于呕吐毒素,玉米在3个环节黄曲霉毒素B1均未检出。A survey and analysis were conducted on the contamination of three fungal toxins,namely corn aflatoxin Bi,deoxynivalenol,and Zearalenone,in fields,farmers,and after mechanical drying in some areas in the Qujing region of Yunnan Province.More than 70 pieces of corn were randomly selected during the corn harvest period,in-volving 31 natural villages in three counties(districts)and 3 post production service drying bases in Qujing area.The content of aflatoxin B(AFB,),deoxynivalenol(DON),and zearalenone(ZEN)in thesampleswasana-lyzed and tested using high-performance liquid chromatography.The results were evaluated in accordance with GB 2761-2017 National Food Safety Standard for Fungal Toxin Limits in Food.The results showed that excessive lev-els of zearalenone were detected in the field during the corn harvest period,with a rate of 14.8%and a maximum amplitude of 266.7%.The detection range was between 9.5 and 220μg/kg;During the storage period of farmers,the exceeding rate of corn vomiting toxin was 30.6%,with detection results ranging from 200.6 to 5670μg/kg.The exceeding rate of zearalenone was 22.2%,with detection results ranging from 12 to 1200μg/kg.There were also two types of fungal co contamination,with a cocontamination ratio of 13.9%;The exceeding rate of deoxyni-valenol in corn after drying is 11.1%,with a detection range of 344.0~2110μg/kg.The exceeding rate of zearalenone is 88.9%,with a detection range of 21-210μg/kg.The exceeding rate and amplitude of zearalenone are far higher than those of deoxynivalenol.Aflatoxin B,was not detected in corn in all three stages.

关 键 词：曲靖 玉米 真菌毒素 田间 农户储存 机械烘干 

分 类 号：TS210[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]