马口鱼性别鉴定SNP标记开发  

Development of SNP markers for sex identification of Opsariichthys bidens

作　　者：赵若冰 王蓉蓉 邓亚菲 吴小平[1] 欧阳珊[1] 林锋[2] 周春花[1] ZHAO Ruobing;WANG Rongrong;DENG Yafei;WU Xiaoping;OUYANG Shan;LIN Feng;ZHOU Chunhua(College of Life Science,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries,Huzhou Zhejiang 313001,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学生命科学学院,江西南昌330031 [2]浙江省淡水水产研究所,浙江湖州313001

出　　处：《南昌大学学报(理科版)》2025年第2期215-221,共7页Journal of Nanchang University(Natural Science)

基　　金：江西省渔业种业联合育种攻关项目(2023YYZYGG-08);湖州市科技特派员项目(2021KT40)。

摘　　要：马口鱼(Opsariichthys bidens)是东亚地区广泛分布的鲤科鱼类,因其肉质鲜美和高经济价值而成为重要的养殖物种。然而,由于环境污染和过度捕捞,野生种群数量急剧下降,使得养殖成为维持其种群数量的关键手段。马口鱼雄鱼体型更大且体色更鲜艳,全雄化养殖可有效提高产量和经济效益,但在发育早期雌雄鱼没有明显的外部形态差异,因此性别鉴定在马口鱼养殖中具有重要意义。本研究旨在开发一种基于重测序技术的快速、高效的马口鱼性别鉴定标记。通过对比雌雄马口鱼基因组的注释信息,发现雌性基因组中存在更多的重复序列和杂合性,这可能与XX/XY性别决定系统有关。利用BSA技术,本研究从雌雄马口鱼基因组混池中筛选出大量与性别相关的SNP和Indel位点。通过PCR扩增和Sanger测序验证,成功开发出一个性别相关的SNP标记,该标记在雄性个体中为杂合,而在雌性个体中为纯合,且位于基因组的外显子区域。本研究不仅为马口鱼的性别鉴定提供了一种新的分子工具,而且对于理解马口鱼性别决定机制和促进其养殖产业的发展具有重要意义。Opsariichthys bidens is a widespread cyprinid fish species in East Asia.It is considered an important aquaculture species due to its delicious meat and high economic value.However,due to environmental pollution and overfishing,the wild population has drastically decreased,making aquaculture a crucial means to maintain its population numbers.Males of O.bidens have larger body sizes and more vibrant colors than females.The all-male culture of O.bidens can effectively increase production and economic benefits.However,there were no obvious external morphological differences between male and female fish in the early stages of development.Therefore,sex determination was of great importance in mandarin fish farming.The aim of this study was to develop a rapid and efficient sexing marker for O.bidens based on the whole genome resequencing technology.By comparing the annotated information of the genomes of male and female O.bidens,it was found that there are more repeats and heterozygosity in the female genome,which may be related to the XX/XY sex determination system.In this study,a large number of sex-related SNPs and Indel sites were selected from the mixed pool of male and female O.bidens genomes using BSA technology.Through PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing,we successfully developed a sex-related SNP marker that was heterozygous in males and homozygous in females,and located in the exon region of the genome.This study not only provided a novel molecular tool for sex identification of O.bidens,but also has important significance for clarifying the mechanism of sex determination and promoting the development of its culture industry.

关 键 词：马口鱼 基因组注释 重测序 性别鉴定标记 

分 类 号：Q38[生物学—遗传学]