基于毫米波雷达的两次海雾过程观测分析  

Observation Analysis of Two Sea Fog Processes Based onMillimeter Wave Radar

作　　者：王志成[1,2,3,4] 张雪芬[1] 胡树贞[1,2,3,4] 马尚昌[5] 雷勇[1,2,3] 焦志敏 Wang Zhicheng;Zhang Xuefen;Hu Shuzhen;Ma Shangchang;Lei Yong;Jiao Zhimin(CMA Meteorological Observation Center,Beijing 100081,China;CMA Meteorological Observation Engineering Technology Research Center,Beijing 100081,China;Beijing Field Research Station for Atmospheric Observation Technology,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081,China;Meteorological Observation Technology Pilot Base,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081,China;Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局气象探测中心,北京100081 [2]中国气象局气象探测工程技术研究中心,北京100081 [3]中国气象局北京大气探测技术野外科学试验基地,北京100081 [4]中国气象局气象探测科技成果中试基地,北京100081 [5]成都信息工程大学,成都610225

出　　处：《气象与环境科学》2025年第2期10-17,共8页Meteorological and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：海洋机动环境下多波段云雾协同观测关键技术研究(2021YFC3090201);中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2025J153、CXFZ2024J057);中国气象局青年创新团队(CMA2023QN11)。

摘　　要：利用Ka波段毫米波雷达和自动气象站观测资料,对福建平潭的两次海雾过程进行特征分析。结果表明:毫米波雷达能够观测海雾的水平分布和垂直结构特征,实现海雾生成、发展、消散整个生命周期监测。海雾生成阶段,PPI扫描回波均匀且反射率因子为过程最小;在海雾发展阶段,RHI扫描回波呈现从高空到海面的丝缕状结构,且反射率因子为过程最大。两次海雾过程平均雾顶高度在200—300 m,最大雾顶高度出现在近雷达安装点的海陆交界处,随着向海洋方向延伸,雾顶高度逐渐降低。The characteristics of two sea fog processes in Pingtan,Fujian Province,are analyzed based on the observation data of Ka-band millimeter-wave radar and automatic weather stations.The results show that the millimeter-wave radar can observe the horizontal distribution and vertical structure characteristics of sea fog,and realize the effective monitoring of the whole life of sea fog’s generation,development and dissipation.In terms of the two fog processes,in the stage of sea fog generation,PPI scanning echoes were uniform and the reflectivity factor was minimum in whole process,while in the stage of sea fog development,RHI scanning echoes showed up a wisp-like structure from high altitude to sea surface and the reflectivity factor reached the maximum in whole process.During the two fog processes,the average fog top height varied in the range of 200300 m,and the maximum fog top height appeared at the boundary between sea and land which was near the radar installation point.The fog-top height gradually descended as fog extended toward the ocean.

关 键 词：毫米波雷达 能见度 海雾 雾顶高度 

分 类 号：P412.25[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]