河南持续性区域暴雨气候特征及暴雨落区分型  

Climatic Characteristics and Area Classification of Persistent RegionalRainstorm in Henan Province

作　　者：谷秀杰[1,2] 董俊玲 席乐[1,2] 王友贺 李周 Gu Xiujie;Dong Junling;Xi Le;Wang Youhe;Li Zhou(CMA·Henan Key Laboratory of Agrometeorological Support and Applied Technique,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Henan Meteorological Observatory,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局·河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点开放实验室,郑州450003 [2]河南省气象台,郑州450003

出　　处：《气象与环境科学》2025年第2期26-32,共7页Meteorological and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2022J014);中国气象局复盘总结专项(FPZJ2024-077);河南省科技研发计划联合基金(应用攻关类)项目(242103810095、232103810097)。

摘　　要：基于1970—2021年河南113个台站逐日降水资料,采取数理统计、聚类分析等方法,统计分析了河南省持续性区域暴雨气候特征并对暴雨落区进行了分型研究。结果表明,52年中河南共计发生117次(276天)持续性区域暴雨过程,年均2.3次(5.3天),呈略增加趋势,但不显著。其间有4年无持续性区域暴雨发生。2000年发生次数最多,为7次。过程持续日数分布在2~5 d,其中持续2 d的过程最多,共计出现90次,持续5天的过程最少,共计出现4次。冬季无持续性区域暴雨发生,夏季发生次数最多。持续性区域暴雨过程年均频次及年均暴雨日数空间分布较为相似,均为中部偏南地区的明显高于省内其他地区的,豫西山区的明显低于省内其他地区的。持续性区域暴雨强度全省平均值明显高于非持续性区域暴雨强度。暴雨落区可分为4类空间分布型,即豫北型、豫中型、豫南型及全省型。豫北型强降水落区位于黄河以北,最大日平均降水强度为57.6 mm·d~(-1);豫中型强降水落区位于中部偏南地区,呈东西带状分布,最大日平均降水强度为54.1 mm·d~(-1);豫南型强降水落区集中且强度大,最大日平均降水强度为70.4 mm·d~(-1);全省型强降水落区集中在北中部,最大日平均降水强度为59.5 mm·d~(-1)。Based on the daily precipitation data at 113 stations in Henan Province during 19702021,this article analyzes the climatic characteristics of persistent regional rainstorms in Henan Province by using the methods of mathematical statistics and cluster analysis.Moreover,the rainstorm areas are classified into different types.The results show that a total of 117(276 d)persistent regional rainstorm events occurred in Henan Province in the 52 years,with an average of 2.3 times(5.3 d)per year,showing a slightly increasing trend,but not significant.During these years,there are four years seeing no persistent regional rainstorm events.The rainstorm events occur most(7 times)in 2000.The duration of the rainstorm events is 2 to 5 days,of which the processes lasting 2 days are the most,being 90 times in total,while the processes of 5 d long are the least,totally 4 times.There is no persistent regional rainstorm in winter,but the most in summer.The spatial distribution of the annual average frequency and the annual average number of rainstorm days of the persistent regional rainstorm processes are similar.The areas in the central and southern regions have significantly more persistent rainstorm events than other regions of the province,while the mountainous areas in western Henan see less persistent rainstorms than other regions of the province.The average intensity of persistent regional rainstorm in the province is drastically heavier than that of the non-persistent regional rainstorm.The rainstorm areas are divided into four spatial distribution types,namely,the northern Henan type,the central Henan type,the southern Henan type and the whole province type.The northern Henan type is located in the area north of the Yellow River,where the maximum daily average rainfall intensity is 57.6 mm·d-1.The central Henan type is located in the south of the central region,distributed in a zonal band pattern,and the maximum daily average rainfall intensity is 54.1 mm·d-1.The southern Henan type is concentrated and intense,with the ma

关 键 词：持续性区域暴雨 气候特征 暴雨落区分型 

分 类 号：P463.213[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]