马克思“共同体”思想的生成与流变  

The Generation and Development of Marx’s Idea of Community

作　　者：肖孟茜 XIAO Mengxi(School of Marxism,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学马克思主义学院,北京100081

出　　处：《东莞理工学院学报》2025年第2期9-15,共7页Journal of Dongguan University of Technology

基　　金：中央民族大学2024—2025年度硕士研究生自主科研项目“《共产党宣言》中共同体思想及其当代价值研究”(SZKY2024016)。

摘　　要：在马克思思想成熟以前,古希腊的城邦共同体、启蒙时期的契约共同体、德国古典哲学的伦理共同体和空想社会主义的乌托邦共同体对他共同体思想的形成有深远影响。马克思关于共同体的意涵是立足于现实的人,以人的生产实践关系为基础形成的,其“真正的共同体”思想也是对于现实的人及其生存方式的历史发展的思考。经历了早期一系列的发展,该思想在《共产党宣言》趋于成熟,并在后期完善补充,形成了关于自然共同体、虚幻共同体和真正的共同体的理论。在当代政治哲学的辩论中,新自由主义与社群主义就个体与共同体、个人权利与集体权利进行了争辩;在新时代中国,形成了习近平关于共同体的重要论述。Before Marx’s thought matured,the city-state community of ancient Greece,the contractual community of the Enlightenment,the ethical community of German classical philosophy and the utopian community of idealistic socialism had a far-reaching influence on the formation of his thought on community.Marx’s meaning of community is based on real people,formed on the basis of human relations of production and practice,and his idea of“real community”is also a reflection on the historical development of real people and their way of life.After a series of early developments,the idea matured in The Communist Manifesto and was refined and supplemented at a later stage,resulting in a theory of natural,illusory,and true community.In contemporary debates in political philosophy,liberalism and communitarianism have argued about individual versus community and individual versus collective rights;and in the new era of China,Xi Jinping’s important discourse on community with Chinese characteristics for the new era has been formed.

关 键 词：共同体 马克思共同体思想 社群主义 新自由主义 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学] B0-0