教育学教材的“中国化”探索:1949-1966  

Exploration of“Chinization”of Educational Textbooks:1949-1966

作　　者：万作芳[1] WAN Zuofang(Institute of Educational Theory,China National Academy of Educational Sciences,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国教育科学研究院,北京100088

出　　处：《教育学报》2025年第2期108-120,共13页Journal of Educational Studies

基　　金：中国教育科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资助“中国本土教育学的自主探索研究”(GYC2023005)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：教育学教材“中国化”,是教育学教材逐步与外国教育学脱钩,建立中国教育学自主知识体系的重要过程和重要环节。从构建中国教育学自主知识体系的角度,回看1949—1966年教育学教材的“中国化”探索,可将其分为“前中国化”“初步中国化”和“再中国化”三个阶段。在全面学习苏联的“前中国化”阶段,各学校主要使用苏联教育学教材;在新中国教育实践经验已初步形成的“初步中国化”阶段,政府开始有意识地组织学者自主编写教材,中国教育学教材实现了从无到有的突破;“再中国化”阶段的典型特征是尝试用中国的教育原理解决中国的教育问题,并以编写“中国化”教材为任务追求。教育学教材的“中国化”探索以建设中国自己的教育学为奋斗目标,最终目的是建立中国的教育学教材。The“Chinization”of educational textbooks is an important process and link in gradually decoupling educational textbooks from foreign education and establishing an independent knowledge system for Chinese education.From the perspective of building an independent knowledge system for Chinese education,looking back at the exploration of“Chinization”of educational textbooks from 1949 to 1966,it can be divided into three stages:“Pre-Chinization”,“Preliminary Chinization”,and“Re-Chinization”.In the stage of comprehensive learning of the“Pre-Chinization”of the Soviet Union,schools mainly use Soviet education textbooks as their teaching materials;In the stage of“Preliminary Chinization”where the practical experience of education in New China has initially formed,the government has consciously organized scholars to independently write textbooks,and Chinese educational textbooks have achieved a breakthrough from scratch;The typical feature of the“Re-Chinization”stage is to attempt to solve China’s educational problems using Chinese educational principles,and to pursue the task of writing“Chinization”textbooks.The exploration of“Chinization”of educational textbooks is aimed at building China’s own educational system,with the ultimate goal of establishing Chinese educational textbooks.

关 键 词：中国教育学自主知识体系 中国教育学教材建设 苏联教育学教材 

分 类 号：G40[文化科学—教育学原理]