我国随迁子女高中阶段受教育状况及升学考试政策影响研究  

A Study on the Education Status of Chinese Migrant Children in High School and the Impact of Entrance Examination Policies

作　　者：李琛 孙志军[1,2] LI Chen;SUN Zhijun(Beijing Normal University Business School,Beijing 100875,China;Beijing Normal University Capital Institute for Economics of Education,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学首都教育经济研究基地,北京100875

出　　处：《教育学报》2025年第2期162-178,共17页Journal of Educational Studies

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“人口变动与教育资源配置研究”(19JZD049);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“新时代基础教育财政体制与结构研究”(20JZD054)。

摘　　要：我国要实现全面普及高中阶段教育的目标,除了要重点关注欠发达地区的人群外,随迁子女也是不可忽视的群体之一。基于中国流动人口动态监测调查2011-2018年的数据,描述了我国随迁子女高中阶段受教育机会的现实状况和变化趋势,并基于各省份升学考试政策开放程度的差异,采用双重差分设计分析了不同政策的影响效应及其异质性。研究发现:随迁子女的高中阶段受教育机会明显低于全国平均水平,升学考试政策实施后,随迁子女的高中入学率有所增加,但增长趋势逐渐趋于平缓;更加开放的升学考试政策对增加他们的高中受教育机会有显著正向影响,跨省流动、女性、低收入家庭的随迁子女对政策门槛的敏感性更高。与户籍捆绑的初中后升学政策需要进一步进行调整,以适应随迁子女流动造成的高中阶段教育需求的空间布局变化,从而促进我国全面普及高中阶段教育目标的实现。To achieve comprehensive popularization of high school education in China,in addition to focusing on economically underdeveloped and remote areas,migrant children are also one of the groups that cannot be ignored.This article is based on data from the China Migrants Dynamic Survey from 2011 to 2018,analyzing the current situation and changing trends of educational opportunities for migrant children at the senior high school stage.Taking advantage of the differences in the degree of openness of entrance examination policies in different provinces,this paper studies the effects of different policies and their heterogeneity by using difference-in-differences design.The study found that the high school education opportunities of migrant children were lower than the national average,after the implementation of the entrance examination policy,the high school enrollment rate of migrant children has increased,but the growth trend gradually tends to flatten out;and a more open admission examination policy had a significant positive impact on increasing their high school education opportunities,and cross provincial migrants,female,and low-income family accompanying children are more sensitive to policy thresholds.Therefore,it is necessary to further adjust the policy of binding school entrance and registered residence registration after compulsory education,to adapt to the spatial layout changes of high school education demand brought by the migration of children,and to promote the achievement of comprehensive popularization of high school education.

关 键 词：随迁子女 高中阶段教育 升学考试政策 双重差分 

分 类 号：G521[文化科学—教育学]