响应范围可调的倍增型有机光电探测器进展(特邀)  

Progress on Photomultiplication-Type Organic Photodetectors with Tunable Spectral Response Range(Invited)

作　　者：杨凯旋 王剑[1] 王健 张福俊[3] Yang Kaixuan;Wang Jian;Wang Jian;Zhang Fujun(School of Automation and Intelligence,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;College of Physics and Electronic Engineering,Taishan University,Taian 271000,Shandong,China;Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information Ministry of Education,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学自动化与智能学院,北京100044 [2]泰山学院物理与电子工程学院,山东泰安271000 [3]北京交通大学发光与光信息技术教育部重点实验室,北京100044

出　　处：《光学学报》2025年第2期27-42,共16页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62175011,62205276,52311540151);北京市自然科学基金(4232073);中央高校基本科研业务费(2022JBZY012)。

摘　　要：光谱响应范围反映了光电探测器可探测信号光的波长范围,决定了器件的适用场景和应用领域。倍增型有机光电探测器(PM-OPDs)有光谱响应范围可调特性,为其未来在不同场景中的高灵敏探测提供了关键支撑。本文通过介绍PM-OPDs的工作机理,并分析调控器件光谱响应范围的方法,为光谱响应范围可调的PM-OPDs的进一步研究工作提供实验依据和理论参考。首先,阐述了PM-OPDs的工作机理,剖析光谱响应范围的重要影响因素。然后,分别介绍了宽响应和窄响应PM-OPDs的研制方法。对于宽响应PM-OPDs,主要介绍了窄带隙材料甄选、三元策略、双层结构拓宽器件光谱响应范围的内在机制;对于窄响应PM-OPDs,以“载流子注入窄化”概念为核心,从材料甄选和器件结构两个维度分析了实现窄响应探测的方法。最后,梳理了光谱响应范围可调的PM-OPDs的研究成果和进展,以挖掘提高器件性能更多潜在途径和方法。Significance Photodetectors are core components that convert optical signals into electrical signals and play an important role in the propagation of optical signals.The demand for high-performance photodetectors is increasingly significant in the high-tech industry.Photomultiplication-type organic photodetectors(PM-OPDs)are highly favored due to their unique advantages,such as external quantum efficiency(EQE)>100%,low dark current,low driving bias,light weight,and ease of integration.These devices have been under development for three decades.Traditional methods,such as collision excitation or collision ionization,have struggled to achieve the photomultiplication phenomenon due to the disorder of organic semiconductor materials and the high exciton binding energy,which has long been a technological bottleneck limiting the development of organic photodetectors.Progress PM-OPDs can be achieved by preparing the active layers with a donor-to-acceptor weight ratio of about 100∶1.This configuration creates electron traps,where acceptors are surrounded by donors.Photogenerated electrons are captured by the traps,inducing hole tunneling injection from the external circuit into the active layers to achieve the photomultiplication phenomenon.PM-OPDs exhibit single charge carrier transport,which helps suppress dark current.The spectral response range determines the wavelength range of detectable optical signals,defining the applicable scenarios and fields for photodetectors(Fig.1).Based on their spectral response range,PM-OPDs can be divided into broad response or narrow response types.Broad response PM-OPDs typically cover the ultraviolet,visible,and nearinfrared regions,capturing light signals at multiple wavelengths and providing rich electrical information(Fig.3).These are expected to be applied in broad spectral applications,such as broad spectral communication,multispectral imaging,and environmental monitoring(Fig.4).Narrow response PM-OPDs selectively detect light within a specific wavelength range,requiring a nar

关 键 词：光电倍增 有机光电探测器 光谱响应范围可调性 宽响应 窄响应 

分 类 号：O471.5[理学—半导体物理] O472.8[理学—物理] TN29[电子电信—物理电子学] TN15