电热相变式真空预压对河道底泥微观结构影响的初步研究  

Preliminary study on the effect of electrothermal phase change vacuum preloading on the microstructure of river sediment

作　　者：曹凯 王天祥 张云冬 吴玉涛 程瑾 CAO Kai;WANG Tian-xiang;ZHANG Yun-dong;WU Yu-tao;CHENG Jin(CCCC(Tianjin)Eco-Environmental Protection Design&Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300202,China)

机构地区：[1]中交(天津)生态环保设计研究院有限公司,天津300202

出　　处：《中国港湾建设》2025年第4期15-20,共6页China Harbour Engineering

基　　金：2024年天津市科技领军(培育)企业重大创新项目(24YDPYYS00140)。

摘　　要：电热相变式真空预压技术是一种新型增益性真空预压高效脱水干化技术,但该技术涉及到应力场、温度场、渗流场及其相互的耦合作用,作用机理较为复杂。以河道底泥为研究对象,采用电热相变式真空预压脱水干化技术进行河道原位脱水干化处置。通过研究土体各指标的变化规律和强度增长特性,分析脱水前后底泥的有机质与物理力学指标的宏观变化,通过扫描电镜测试,分析固化土的微观结构特性。结果表明,河道底泥在电热处理后含水率大幅降低、强度显著提升;扫描电镜显示微观结构表明,内部孔隙减少、微生物减少、骨架强度增强,与宏观指标所显示的特性吻合。同时原位脱水处置的方案也极大地增加了该技术的适用范围。The electrothermal phase change vacuum preloading technology is a new type of enhanced vacuum preloading and efficient dehydration drying technology.However,this technology involves the stress field,temperature field,seepage field and their mutual coupling,making the mechanism of action is relatively complicated.Taking the river sediment as the research object,the drying technology of the electrothermal phase change vacuum preloading dehydration was used to the in-situ dehydration and drying treatment of the river sediment.By studying the variation law and strength growth characteristics of each soil index,the macroscopic changes of organic matter and physical and mechanical indexes of sediment before and after dehydration were analyzed.The microstructure characteristics of solidified soil were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy.The results show that the water content of river sediment is greatly reduced and the strength is significantly improved after electrothermal treatment.The scanning electron microscope's microstructure shows that,the internal pores are reduced,the microorganisms are reduced,and the skeleton strength is enhanced,which is consistent with the characteristics shown by the macro indicators.At the same time,the scheme of in-situ dehydration treatment also greatly increases the scope of application of the technology.

关 键 词：电热相变式真空预压 强度增长 微生物 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：U616.26[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]