“摇摆”的天平:农村家庭的教育进城实践及其公平意涵——兼论城乡教育的失衡与再平衡  

The"Swaying"Balance:Rural Families'Educational Migration to Urban Areas and Its Implications for Equity:Discussion on the Imbalance and Re-balancing of Urban-Rural Education

作　　者：刘佳[1] LIU Jia(School of Education Science,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学教育科学学院,南京210097

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2025年第6期45-53,共9页Research in Educational Development

摘　　要：在农村教育发展“离农”与“为农”之争下,教育进城已成为农村家庭的必然趋势,也是透视当下教育不平等发生的主要视点。研究以豫北M村的田野经验为深描据点,通过“结构-过程”的分析方法聚焦农村家庭“需求”演变下的“离农”教育进城。研究发现,农村家庭的教育进城在遵循“乡城进阶”“、脸面竞逐”及“双线规划”实践逻辑时,也遭遇着教育选择被阻滞、家校联系被挤压、教育投入被围困的“差序”不平等境遇,教育进城犹如一个隐性的分化机制进一步扭曲着城乡教育关系。“摇摆”的天平是对当下城乡教育及农村家庭教育境遇凸显出的双重性“失衡”图景的描绘,通过检视农村家庭教育进城的“离农”实践,不仅为超越“离农”与“为农”的教育争论提供了一个包含家庭境遇的双视角和双回应,也为城乡教育结构的“再平衡”探索提供了有益路向。Within the ongoing debate between"rural exodus"and"rural service"in the development of rural education,the migration of education to urban areas has become an inevitable trend for rural families and a key perspective in examining the current educational inequality.This study,based on extensive fieldwork in Village M located in northern Henan Province,employs a comprehensive"structure-process"analytical framework to focus on the"rural exodus"educational migration driven by the evolving"needs"of rural families.The research reveals that while rural families'educational migration follows the practical logic of"rural-urban progression,""face-competition,"and"dual-track planning,"they simultaneously encounter a hierarchical inequality characterized by obstructed educational choices,compressed family-school connections,and constrained educational investments.The migration of education to urban areas functions as a covert differentiation mechanism,further distorting the relationship between urban and rural education.The concept of"swaying"balance depicts a dual"imbalance"picture within the current ruralurban educational landscape and the educational circumstances of rural families.Through an in-depth analysis of the"rural exodus"practices in educational migration,this study not only provides a dual-perspective and dual-response that incorporates family circumstances to transcend the"rural departure"versus"rural service"educational debate,but also offers valuable insights for exploring the"re-balancing"of the urban-rural educational structures.

关 键 词：农村家庭 教育进城 教育公平 城乡教育关系 

分 类 号：G521[文化科学—教育学]