青少年累积社会生态风险量表初步编制  

Development of Cumulative Social Ecological Risk Scale for Adolescents

作　　者：王卓 胡昱晨 周旋 韦锦生 朱敏惠 李奕曈 张丽娜 黄海 张俊杰 王佳[1] 张慧颖[1] WANG Zhuo;HU Yu-chen;ZHOU Xuan;WEI Jin-sheng;ZHU Min-hui;LI Yi-tong;ZHANG Li-na;HUANG Hai;ZHANG Jun-jie;WANG Jin;ZHANG Hui-ying(Public Health College,Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150081,China;Disease Control and Prevention Center of Jinpu New Area,Dalian 116600,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学公共卫生学院,哈尔滨150081 [2]辽宁省大连市金普新区疾病预防控制中心,大连116600

出　　处：《伤害医学(电子版)》2025年第1期8-17,共10页Injury Medicine(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2021H013);黑龙江省家庭教育学会“十四五”课题(HLJSJJ-2022003)。

摘　　要：目的编制适合于我国青少年的累积社会生态风险量表并检验其信效度。方法通过文献检索和两轮德尔菲专家咨询初步确定量表结构及条目。采用方便抽样,对黑龙江省12~18岁初高中学生1700人进行现场调查。分别使用MPlus 7.4和SPSS 26.0对量表进行探索性结构方程构建和信效度检验。以童年期创伤经历为效标,检验其效标关联效度;以焦虑、抑郁情绪为因变量,检验量表的预测效度,并在一个月后进行重测,对重测信度进行评价。结果编制的青少年累积社会生态风险量表含有50个条目,使用探索性结构方程,构建青少年累积社会生态风险暴露模型,将量表分为家庭状况、亲子依恋关系、家庭养育方式、学校状况、班级氛围、学习压力、同伴关系、社区层面和自身层面等九个维度,累积方差贡献率为58.9%,模型拟合良好。九个因子和效标之间均存在显著相关。量表的Cronbach'sα系数为0.923,分半信度为0.842,重测信度为0.715。结论青少年累积社会生态风险量具有良好的信效度,可用于评估我国青少年的社会生态风险暴露情况,为更好地开展青少年身心健康促进及伤害防控工作提供帮助,为健康学校建设及家—校—社联合育儿提供新思路。Objective To develop a Cumulative Social Ecological Risk Scale suitable for adolescents in China and to test its reliability and validity.Methods The structure and items of the scale were preliminarily determined through literature search and two rounds of Delphi expert consultation.A field survey was conducted on 17o0 primary and high school students aged 12-18 in Heilongjiang Province using convenient sampling.Exploratory structural equation construction and reliability and validity testing were conducted on the scale using MPlus 7.4 and SPSS 26.0 respectively.Using childhood trauma experience as the criterion,its criterion related validity was tested.Using anxiety and depression as dependent variables,the predictive validity of the scale was tested,and a retest one month later to evaluate the reliability of the retest was conducted.Results The Cumulative Social Ecological Risk Scale for adolescents we developed contains 50 items.Based on exploratory structural equations,the scale is divided into nine dimensions:family status,parent-child attachment relationship,family parenting style,school status,class atmosphere,learning pressure,peer relationships,community level,and self level.The variance contribution rate is 58.9%,and the model fits well.There is a significant correlation between the nine factors and the criterion.The Cronbach'sαcoefficient of the scale is 0.923,with a split half reliability of 0.842 and a retest reliability of 0.715.Conclusions The Cumulative Social Ecological Risk Scale of adolescents has good reliability and validity,therefore it can be used to evaluate the social ecological risk exposure of adolescents in China,to provide assistance for better promoting the physical and mental health of adolescents and preventing injuries,and to provide new ideas for the construction of healthy schools and joint parenting among families,schools,and communities.

关 键 词：青少年 累积社会生态风险量表 信效度检验 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]