社区护士在伤害预防中的角色演变:从急救响应者到预防教育者  

Evolution of Community Nurses'Role in Injury Prevention:From Emergency Responders to Prevention Educators

作　　者：郑妍 汪文新 薛磊 吴悠 黄华丽 ZHENG Yan;WANG Wen-xin;XUE Lei;WU You;HUANG Hua-li(Shenzhen Health Capacity Building and Continuing Education Center,Shenzhen 518023,China;School of Public Health Shantou University,Shantou 515063,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市卫生健康能力建设和继续教育中心,深圳518023 [2]汕头大学公共卫生学院,汕头515063

出　　处：《伤害医学(电子版)》2025年第1期52-58,共7页Injury Medicine(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(全媒体时代患者就医行为嬗变机制及治理策略,72274116)。

摘　　要：随着伤害预防理念的深化和社区卫生服务的发展,社区护士在伤害预防中的角色正经历着从被动应对向主动预防的转变。本文通过文献回顾,系统梳理了社区护士角色从急救响应者到风险识别者,再到预防教育者的演变历程。研究表明,作为预防教育者,社区护士需要具备风险评估与管理、健康教育与行为干预、跨学科合作与资源整合、自救互救技能培训等核心能力。这种角色转变虽是社区护理工作发展的必然趋势,但在实践中仍面临着专业能力提升、工作模式创新、社会认同获取和激励机制完善等挑战。本文在分析这些挑战的基础上,从完善培训体系、优化服务模式、加强部门协作等方面提出了促进社区护士角色转变的对策建议,为提升社区伤害预防工作的整体效能提供了新的思路。With emphasis of injury prevention concepts and development of community health services,the role of community nurses in injury prevention has been experiencing a transformation from passive response to proactive prevention.Through literature review,this paper systematically examines the evolution of community nurses"roles from emergency responders to risk identifiers,and then to prevention educators.Studies indicate that as prevention educators,community nurses need to possess core competencies including risk assessment and management,health education and behavioral intervention,interdisciplinary cooperation and resource integration,and self-rescue and mutual rescue training skills.While this role transformation represents an inevitable trend in community nursing development,challenges remain in professional capacity enhancement,work model innovation,social recognition acquisition,and incentive mechanism improvement.Based on the analysis of these challenges,this paper proposes strategies to facilitate the role transformation of community nurses from the perspectives of improving training systems to optimizing service models,strengthening departmental collaboration,and providing new insights to enhance the overall effectiveness of community injury prevention work.

关 键 词：社区护士 伤害预防 角色转变 预防教育 能力建设 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]