皂化反应的生活化实验改进——利用厨余油制作肥皂  

Experiment Improvement of"Making Soap from Kitchen Waste Oil"

作　　者：陈宇诗 江圆圆 车路 王伫伫 兰茜 伏劲松[1] 张艳华[1] CHEN Yu-Shi;JIANG Yuan-Yuan;CHE Lu;WANG Zhu-Zhu;LAN Qian;FU Jin-Song;ZHANG Yan-Hua(College of Chemistry and Materials Science,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610068,China)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学化学与材料科学学院,四川成都610068

出　　处：《化学教育(中英文)》2025年第7期56-61,共6页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

基　　金：横项项目“四川师范大学与成都市郫都区第四中学化学学科研究室共建”(项目编号:HX20230106)。

摘　　要：以厨余油为原料制作肥皂,相较于教材中介绍的工艺流程,将其实验过程细化,更有利于在生活中进行,并探究其最优的实验条件,能够提高制作效率,进而形成一个合理化的中学活动方案。优化后的实验结果表明:先在厨余油中加入柠檬酸与磷酸比例为1∶1的混合酸进行脱胶处理,再控制温度为60℃、氢氧化钠浓度为40%时进行皂化,经检验此条件下制作的肥皂去污效果最好且用时较少,除去脱胶时间仅用约25 min。将此方案在中学推广实施,能让学生在实践活动中感受到化学的学科价值以及“变废为宝”的现实意义,进而培养学生的科学探究能力与创新意识。In this paper,soap was made from waste kitchen oil.Compared with the process flow introduced in the textbook,the experimental process was refined,which was more conducive to life,and the optimal experimental conditions were explored to improve the production efficiency.The optimized experimental results showed that the mixed acid with a ratio of citric acid to phosphoric acid of 1:1 was added to the kitchen waste oil for degumming treatment,and then the saponification was carried out at a temperature of 60℃ and a sodium hydroxide concentration of 40%.The soap produced under this condition had the best decontamination effect and less time,only about 25 minutes were needed to remove the debonding time.This program would be promoted and implemented in high schools,so that students could feel the value of chemistry and the practical significance of"turning waste into treasure"in practical activities,and then cultivated students'scientific inquiry ability and innovation awareness.

关 键 词：厨余油 肥皂 皂化反应 去污力 

分 类 号：G633.8[文化科学—教育学]