脑神经活体原位电化学分析在临床应用中的机遇与挑战  

In Vivo Electrochemical Analysis of Brain Neurochemistry:Opportunities and Challenges in Clinical Applications

作　　者：李科 魏欢 刘冉 薛亦飞 李丽娟[3] 侯莉娟[1] 毛兰群 LI Ke;WEI Huan;LIU Ran;XUE Yi-Fei;LI Li-Juan;HOU Li-Juan;MAO Lan-Qun(College of Physical Education and Sports,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;College of Chemistry,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,Peking University Third Hospital,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学体育与运动学院,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学化学学院,北京100875 [3]北京大学第三医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,北京100191

出　　处：《分析化学》2025年第3期311-327,共17页Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(Nos.22134002,22404005);中国博士后科学基金项目(No.2023M730288)资助。

摘　　要：脑科学作为多学科研究的前沿交叉领域之一,长期以来备受关注。其中,开展脑科学领域的化学基础研究(以下简称为脑化学)不仅有助于理解脑功能的物质基础,同时对于探索脑疾病发病机制及开发治疗方法具有重要意义。活体原位电化学分析具有高时空分辨率、免标记以及电极/溶液界面可调控等特点,为开展活体层次的脑神经化学信号监测与调控研究提供了可能。其中,快速扫描伏安法结合微电极技术,不仅能够实现多巴胺等神经分子的活体检测,还能与现有的神经外科设备兼容并用,为活体原位电化学分析方法的临床应用提供了新的机遇,也为相关疾病的诊断和治疗开辟了新的途径。本文综述了活体原位电化学分析方法在脑化学研究和临床应用中的最新进展,阐述了该技术在临床应用中所面临的挑战及可能的解决途径。Neuroscience,a cutting-edge field in interdisciplinary research,consistently draws considerable research interest,of which quantitatively probing the neurochemical dynamics is essential for brain science research.In vivo electrochemical analysis,featuring with high sensitivity,high spatiotemporal resolution,free from transfection,and designable electrode/solution interfaces,provides important tools for in vivo neurochemicals sensing.Fast scan cyclic voltammetry combined with microelectrodes can not only enable precise detection of dopamine but also is compatible with existing neurosurgical equipment.This offers new opportunities for the clinical application of in vivo electrochemical analysis and paves new avenues for the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases.This review summarized recent progress of in vivo electrochemical techniques for brain neurochemistry and addressed key clinical challenges and their potential solutions.

关 键 词：活体电化学分析 临床应用 快速扫描伏安法 脑神经化学 评述 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]