放松市场准入管制对中国企业供应链配置多元化的影响  

Deregulation of Market Access and the Supply Chain Configuration Diversification of Chinese Enterprises

作　　者：郭娟娟 徐乾宇 GUO Juanjuan;XU Qianyu(Institute of World Economy,Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences;Shanghai WTO Affairs Consultation Center)

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院世界经济研究所,200020 [2]上海WTO事务咨询中心

出　　处：《经济理论与经济管理》2025年第3期41-60,共20页Economic Theory and Business Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(21BJL114)的资助。

摘　　要：为建立全国统一大市场规则体系,促进资源和要素在更广泛领域内的自由流动,我国推出市场准入负面清单制度。该制度放松了市场准入管制从而降低了企业的市场准入门槛,释放经济社会潜力和活力。本文以逐步推开的市场准入负面清单制度作为准自然实验,探究市场准入管制放松对中国企业供应链配置多元化的影响、作用机制及经济后果。研究发现,放松市场准入管制显著促进了企业供应链多元化配置,这一作用主要通过提高市场竞争和改善资源配置实现。其中,放松市场准入管制对企业上游供应链多元化的推动作用更明显,且在高市场分割程度地区、中西部地区及市场优势地位较高的企业中表现更为突出。考虑到供应链配置多元化具有双重效应,本文将落脚点进一步延伸至企业供应链韧性,发现市场准入管制放松推动供应链配置多元化有助于提高企业所在供应链的韧性。本文不仅为支持全国统一大市场建设提供了理论依据,而且对提升供应链安全水平和韧性具有重要政策启示。The world today is undergoing unprecedented changes in a century,with intensifying competition among major powers,a significant rise unilateralism and protectionism,and the continuous spread of anti-globalization sentiments.The global supply chains are characterized by high instability and uncertainty.According to the theory of scope economics,building diversified supply chains can enhance enterprises'sensitivity to market supply and demand changes,serveing as an effective strategy to mitigate supply chain security.However,existing literature has insufficiently explored the strategic motivations,particularly institutional factors,behind the diversification of supply chain configurations by Chinese enterprises.Against this backdrop,this paper takes the negative list system gradually implemented in 2016 as a quasi-natural experiment to systematically investigate the impact,mechanisms,and economic consequences of relaxing market access restrictions on the diversification of supply chain configurations among Chinese enterprises.It is found that relaxing market access restrictions significantly promotes the diversification of enterprise supply chains,primarily through enhancing market competition and improving resource allocation.Specifically,the effect of relaxation market access regulations is more pronounced in promoting the diversification of upstream supply chains,particularly in regions with high market segmentation,central and western regions,and enterprises with stronger market positions.Finally,considering the dual effects of supply chain configuration diversification,this paper further extends its focus to supply chain resilience,revealing that the diversification driven by relaxed market access restrictions helps improve the resilience of the supply chains in which enterprises operate.The contributions of this paper are as follows:(1)From the perspective of supply chains,it analyzes the impact and mechanisms of relaxing market access restrictions on the diversification of supply chain configurations among C

关 键 词：市场准入 供应链配置 市场竞争 资源配置 供应链韧性 

分 类 号：F274[经济管理—企业管理]