工件轮廓距双远心精密测量系统  

Precision Measurement System for Workpiece Profile from Bi-Telecentric lens

作　　者：练浩 吴翔[1] 王俊超 郝晓杰 陈亚楠 LIAN Hao;WU Xiang;WANG Jun-chao;HAO Xiao-jie;CHEN Ya-nan(College of Electrical Engineering,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001)

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学电气工程学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《制造业自动化》2025年第4期61-67,共7页Manufacturing Automation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62173127)。

摘　　要：工件的轮廓距测量在保证加工质量方面具有重要影响,但传统测量方法通常效率较低且成本较高。而常规的机器视觉测量方式往往存在测量精度不足和稳定性不高的问题。为了提升加工制造的质量,提出了一种基于双远心成像的高精度工件轮廓距测量系统。首先,基于双远心成像方式进行测量系统的分析建模与整体结构设计。其次,提出一种改进的自适应阈值的Canny边缘检测算法对目标图像进行初步的边缘检测,对融合后的图像进行边缘粗定位,随后通过三次样条插值算法来获取边缘梯度插值信息,然后曲线拟合得到边缘的亚像素级坐标。最后,采用RANSAC算法进行轮廓拟合,完成工件轮廓距的检测。算法在标准件检测实验中表现出高准确性和可靠性,能够准确进行不同大小的标准件测量,同时,大批量检测时重复性误差极小,为高效精确的工业零件轮廓检测提供了可行的解决方案。The measurement of workpiece contour distances significantly influences the ensurance of machining quality.However,traditional measurement methods often exhibit lower efficiency and higher costs.Conventional machine vision measurement methods commonly encounter issues related to insufficient measurement accuracy and limited stability.To enhance the quality of manufacturing,this paper proposes a measurement system for highprecision workpiece contour distance based on dual telecentric imaging.Initially,an analysis,modeling,and overall structural design of the measurement system are conducted in this paper using dual telecentric imaging.Subsequently,an improved adaptive threshold Canny edge detection algorithm is proposed for preliminary edge detection on the target image to enable the initial edge detection on the merged image,followed by coarse edge positioning.Then,edge gradient interpolation information is obtained using a cubic spline interpolation algorithm,and curve fitting is applied to achieve sub-pixel coordinates of the edges.Finally,the RANSAC algorithm is utilized for contour fitting to complete workpiece contour distance detection.The algorithm presented in this paper demonstrates high accuracy and reliability in standard component detection experiments.It accurately performs measurements on standard components of various sizes,while exhibiting minimal repetitive errors during large-scale inspections.This provides a feasible solution for efficient and precise industrial part contour detection.

关 键 词：轮廓距离测量 双远心成像 三次样条插值 亚像素检测 

分 类 号：TP394.1[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]