滇池湖滨湿地修复驱动的土地利用及湿地景观格局变化  

Changes of land use and wetland landscape pattern driven by the ecological restoration of lakeside wetland in Dianchi Lake

作　　者：黄文 董蓉梅 高超平 王荣兴 HUANG Wen;DONG Rongmei;GAO Chaoping;WANG Rongxing(Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research,Dali university,Dali 671003,China)

机构地区：[1]大理大学东喜玛拉雅研究院,云南大理671003

出　　处：《四川林业科技》2025年第2期69-77,共9页Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：云南省林业和草原局重点保护野生动物计划类别“云南省国家重点保护鸟类调查及监测”(2022GF258D-09)。

摘　　要：滇池是云贵高原湖区最大的湖泊,明晰其湖滨土地利用及湿地景观格局变化规律,据此提供生态修复措施使生态系统更具完整性对其他湿地具有示范作用。借助Google Earth Pro软件,基于目视解译分别勾绘出2005年、2010年、2015年、2020年滇池环湖路与滇池湖岸线之间的湖滨带不同地表覆盖物的斑块,统计了各土地利用类型之间的变化和转移情况;同时,使用Fragstats软件对湿地斑块进行景观格局指数分析。结果表明:滇池湖滨带的主要土地利用类型为耕地、湿地、草地和住宅用地。土地利用类型主要转移趋势为耕地向园地、林地、草地、湿地、住宅用地及交通用地转移;草地面积明显向林地面积转移;湿地面积减少主要是转变成交通运输用地和林地。另外,湿地景观格局也呈现出破碎化程度增加、连通性下降的趋势。建议相关部门在后续的湿地修复与建设工作中充分考虑湿地的连通性。Dianchi Lake is the largest wetland lake in the lake area of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.To clarify the the change law of lakeside land use and wetland landscape pattern,and provide ecological restoration strategies to maintain ecosystem integrity,which had a demonstration role for other wetlands.Google Earth Pro software was used to sketch the patches of different land cover in the lakeside zone between the lakeshore and the lakeroad of Dianchi Lake in 2005,2010,2015 and 2020 respectively,and the changes and transfers among these land use types were counted.Additionally,the landscape pattern index of wetland patches was analyzed by Fragstats software.The results showed that the main land use types along the Dianchi lakeside comprised cultivated land,wetland,grassland,and residential land.The main transfer trend of land use types was the transfer of cultivated land to garden,woodland,grassland,wetland,residential land,and traffic land.Notably,grassland areas were significantly converted into woodland area,while wetlands experienced a decline primarily due to the conversion into traffic land and woodland.Furthermore,the wetland landscape pattern exhibited a concerning trend of increasing fragmentation and decreasing connectivity.In light of these findings,it is recommended that the relevant authorities should fully consider the connectivity of wetland in the subsequent wetland restoration and construction endeavors.

关 键 词：高原湖泊 土地利用变化 滇池 湖滨带湿地 景观格局 转移矩阵 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]