氟氯氰菊酯暴露对大鼠学习记忆能力及突触损伤的研究  

Effects of Cyfluthrin on Learning and Memory Abilities and Synaptic Damage in Rats

作　　者：李玉斌 谢永鑫 华晓燕 吕燕灵 张凌鹤 杨惠芳 赵吉[1,2] LI Yubin;XIE Yongxin;HUA Xiaoyan;LYU Yanling;ZHANG Linghe;YANG Huifang;ZHAO Ji(School of Public Health,Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 750004,China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control,Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 750004,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,银川750004 [2]宁夏医科大学环境因素与慢性病控制重点实验室,银川750004

出　　处：《宁夏医科大学学报》2025年第3期217-222,共6页Journal of Ningxia Medical University

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金项目(2022BSB03085;2023AAC05034;2021AAC02013);国家自然科学基金项目(82204005);宁夏医科大学校级课题(XT2022008)。

摘　　要：目的探讨氟氯氰菊酯暴露对Wistar大鼠突触可塑性的影响。方法选用40只2周龄雄性Wistar大鼠,适应性饲养1周后,随机分为4组,每组10只。采用灌胃法对大鼠染毒30 d,溶剂为玉米油,染毒剂量分别为:0 mg·kg^(-1)、6.25 mg·kg^(-1)、12.50 mg·kg^(-1)、25.00 mg·kg^(-1)。染毒30 d后,通过测量大鼠体质量比较各组间体质量变化;通过Morris水迷宫实验测试大鼠空间记忆能力;通过透射电子显微镜观察大鼠皮质组织突触超微结构;Western blot和RT-qPCR检测大鼠皮质组织和SH-SY5Y细胞中突触后密度蛋白(postsynaptic density protein,PSD)、突触素(synaptophysin,SYP)、酪氨酸羟化酶(tyrosine hydroxylase,TH)的相对表达水平。结果与对照组相比,染毒组大鼠的体质量增长率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);水迷宫结果显示大鼠的目标象限停留时间和穿越平台次数随染毒剂量的升高逐渐降低(P<0.05);电镜结果显示:与对照组相比,染毒组大鼠皮层中突触损伤随着染毒剂量的增加而加重,表现为皮质神经元突触数量逐渐减少,突触结构出现异常,突触小泡数量减少或消失,整体突触形态边界不清;Western blot和RT-qPCR结果显示,在体内、体外模型中,与对照组相比,染毒组中PSD、SYP、TH的相对表达量均下降(P<0.05)。结论氟氯氰菊酯导致学习记忆能力降低,可能与突触损伤和多巴胺分泌减少有关。Objective To investigate the effect of cyfluthrin exposure on synaptic plasticity in Wistar rats.Methods Forty 2-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 10 rats each after one week of adaptive feeding.The rats were administered by gavage method for 30 days,the solvent was corn oil,and the dosages were 0 mg·kg^(-1),6.25 mg·kg^(-1),12.50 mg·kg^(-1)and 25.00 mg·kg^(-1).After 30 days of poisoning,the body weight of rats was measured to compare the weight changes between groups.Morris water maze test was applied to test the spatial memory ability of rats.Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the synaptic ultrastructure of rat cortical tissue.The expression levels of PSD,SYP and TH in rat cortical tissue and SH-SY5Y cells were detected by Western blot and RT-qPCR.Results Compared with the control group,there was no significant difference in the growth rate of body weight in the exposed group(P>0.05).The results of the water maze showed that the target quadrant residence time and the number of times the rats crossed the platform gradually decreased with the increase of the dose of poisoning,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of electron microscopy showed that compared with the control group,the synaptic damage in the cortex of the rats in the exposed group was aggravated with the increase of the dose of toxin,which was manifested by the gradual decrease in the number of synapses of cortical neurons,the abnormality of synaptic structure,the decrease or disappearance of the number of synaptic vesicles,and the unclear boundary of the overall synaptic morphology.The results of Western blot and RT-qPCR showed that the expressions of PSD,SYP and TH in the exposed group decreased compared with the control group in vivo and in vitro,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Cyfluthrin can lead to decreased learning and memory,which may be associated with synaptic damage and decreased dopamine secretion.

关 键 词：氟氯氰菊酯 突触损伤 多巴胺 神经性损伤 学习记忆 

分 类 号：R742[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]