核内微小RNA调控代谢性疾病的研究进展  

Progress in roles of nuclear microRNA in metabolic diseases

作　　者：张子怡 吕晓飞 梁思佳 ZHANG Ziyi;LÜXiaofei;LIANG Sijia(Department of Pharmacology,Zhongshan School of Medicine,Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou 510080,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学中山医学院药理学教研室,广东广州510080

出　　处：《中国病理生理杂志》2025年第4期798-803,共6页Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金优秀青年项目(No.82322069);广东省自然科学基金杰出青年项目(No.2023B515020026)。

摘　　要：越来越多的研究显示,成熟的微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)可以定位于细胞核,且发挥更为广泛的调控功能。这些发现与传统观点认为miRNA定位于细胞质中并发挥转录后抑制基因表达的作用大不相同。代谢性疾病涉及全身多个器官,高度依赖miRNA的调控。值得注意的是,近期的研究揭示了核内miRNA在调节代谢功能障碍相关疾病中的关键作用,提示其可能是调控代谢性疾病的新机制和新靶点。本综述根据代谢性疾病的分类,总结了目前核内miRNA调控的研究,包括它们的调控机制和潜在靶点,如直接结合在基因启动子、非编码RNA或蛋白质等,为治疗代谢性疾病提出新见解和策略。Increasing evidence has revealed an unexpected localization of mature microRNA(miRNA)in the nucleus,exerting additional and broader functions.These findings differ from the traditional view that miRNAs in the cytoplasm inhibit gene expression through their canonical regulation via post-transcriptional mechanisms.Metabolic diseases involve multiple organs throughout the body and rely highly on miRNA regulation.Notably,recent studies have demonstrated the newly discovered nuclear function of miRNA in regulating metabolic dysfunction-associated pathological processes.In this review,according to the classification of metabolic diseases,we summarize the current knowledge on nuclear miRNA non-canonical regulation including their working modes and potential targets,such as directly binding on gene promoters,noncoding RNA,or proteins,etc.,to suggest a viable strategy for the treatment of metabolic diseases.

关 键 词：核内微小RNA 代谢性疾病 非经典调控 

分 类 号：R363[医药卫生—病理学] R58[医药卫生—基础医学] Q522[生物学—生物化学]