高速车轮踏面凹磨评价指标研究  

Study on Evaluation Index of Concave Wear of High-speed Wheel Tread

作　　者：沈钢 宋瑞 孙丽霞 任利惠 张忠凯 SHEN Gang;SONG Rui;SUN Lixia;REN Lihui;ZHANG Zhongkai(Institute of Rail Transit,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;Standards&Metrology Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100081,China;China Railway Test&Certification Center Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Railway Science&Technology Research and Development Center,China Academy of Railway Sciences Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学铁道与城市轨道交通研究院,上海201804 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司标准计量研究所,北京100081 [3]中铁检验认证中心有限公司,北京100081 [4]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道科学技术研究发展中心,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2025年第2期1-5,共5页Rolling Stock

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(L2022J003)。

摘　　要：我国高铁客运采用专线专车的方式,线路铺设养护精度较高,以保证车辆运行平稳,而轮轨横向晃动很小,车轮踏面容易发生局部区域的集中磨耗和共形磨耗,通常称之为凹磨。车轮踏面凹磨导致轮轨等效锥度变大,在局部线路廓形不良的路段容易产生车辆的高速蛇行失稳。针对车轮踏面凹磨的问题,目前我国高铁运维部门主要以测量轮对等效锥度的方法,并结合定期镟轮来解决,同时也对钢轨进行打磨处理,但运维成本较高。基于以上实际情况,文章对高速列车车轮踏面凹磨进行了整个镟修周期的测量,并基于测量廓形提出了整体斜度比、磨耗度和共性度的概念,通过多元回归算法提出了一种结合钢轨磨耗廓形的踏面凹度指标和算法,以期在兼顾安全性的基础上提高轮轨在运维过程的经济性。China’s high-speed rail passenger transport is facilitated by specialized trains operating on dedicated lines.Line laying and maintenance are highly accurate.To guarantee the smooth operation of vehicles,the wheel-rail lateral displacement is minimal,and the wheel tread is susceptible to concentrated wear and conformal wear in local areas,commonly referred to as concave wear.The concave wear of wheel tread leads to the larger equivalent conicity of wheel-rail,which is easy to cause high-speed yaw instability of vehicles in sections with poor local line profile.Measuring the equivalent conicity of the wheelset,turning them regularly,and polishing the rails are some of the methods used to resolve this issue by the Chinese high-speed rail operation and maintenance department,but the associated operational and maintenance expenses are substantial.Due to the aforementioned actual situation,this paper measures the concave wear of wheel treads throughout the entire repair process and presents the concepts of overall slope ratio,wear degree,and commonality based on the measured profile.It proposes a tread concave index and algorithm combined with a rail wear profile through a multiple regression algorithm in order to improve the wheel-rail economy during the operation and maintenance process,while meanwhile taking safety into account.

关 键 词：凹磨 踏面凹磨评价 凹度 镟修 等效锥度 

分 类 号：U269[机械工程—车辆工程]