2017-2021年佛山市顺德区鼻咽癌筛查人群EB病毒流行状况及影响因素  

Epidemic status and influencing factors of EB virus among nasopharyngeal carcinoma screening population in Shunde district,Foshan city from 2017 to 2021

作　　者：陈少仪 麦如蓝 赵淑芬 田峰 黄穗平 CHEN Shaoyi;MAI Rulan;ZHAO Shufen;TIAN Feng;HUANG Suiping(Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University,The First People's Hospital of Shunde,Foshan 528300,Chin)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学顺德医院(佛山市顺德区第一人民医院),广东佛山528300

出　　处：《社区医学杂志》2025年第1期9-15,共7页Journal Of Community Medicine

基　　金：佛山市卫生健康局医学科研课题(20240366)。

摘　　要：目的分析佛山市顺德区鼻咽癌筛查人群的EB病毒流行现状及其危险因素,提高鼻咽癌早诊早治率。方法2017-01-01-2021-12-31南方医科大学顺德医院对顺德区30~69岁人群开展鼻咽癌早诊早治筛查项目,调查筛查人群的年龄、性别、镇街、吸烟史、饮酒史、肿瘤家族史(包括鼻咽恶性肿瘤家族史)以及鼻咽疾病史等资料,应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测计算EB病毒血清抗体(NA1-IgA和VCA-IgA)阳性率,结合肿瘤家族史计算鼻咽癌风险概率,进行病理活检确诊是否为鼻咽癌。采用描述性流行病学方法分析EB病毒流行现状,利用logistic回归分析EB病毒感染的影响因素。结果2017-2021年顺德区共筛查50506人,EB病毒感染率为12.12%。男、女性EB病毒感染率分别为13.02%和11.60%,差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=22.17,P<0.001。总体EB病毒感染率呈波动上升趋势,差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=251.60,P<0.001。不同年龄段EB病毒抗体NA1-IgA阳性率男性高于女性,差异有统计学意义,均P<0.05。共发现鼻咽癌患者52例,癌症早期患者35例,总早诊率为67.31%。logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄为61~65岁(OR=1.33,P<0.001)和66~69岁(OR=1.35,P<0.001)人群EB病毒感染风险增加;有吸烟史的人群EB病毒感染风险高于无吸烟史人群(OR=1.64,P<0.001)。结论筛查人群中EB病毒抗体NA1-IgA阳性率男性高于女性,高龄和吸烟是EB病毒感染的独立危险因素,提示须加强对高风险地区老年人群和吸烟人群的EB病毒定期筛查,提高早诊早治率。Objective To analyze the current prevalence and risk factors of EB virus among nasopharyngeal carcinoma screening population in Shunde district,Foshan city,in order to improve the early diagnosis and treatment rate of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods From January 1,2017 to December 31,2021,Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University conducted a nasopharyngeal carcinoma early diagnosis and treatment screening project for the population aged30—69 in Shunde district.The data of the screened population,including age,gender,town,street,smoking history,alcohol consumption history,family history of tumors(included family history of nasopharyngeal malignant tumors),and history of nasopharyngeal diseases,were investigated.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect and calculate the positivity rate of EB virus serum antibodies(NA1-IgA and VCA-IgA).Combined with the family history of tumors,the risk probability of nasopharyngeal carcinoma was calculated,and pathological biopsy was performed to confirm whether it was nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Using descriptive epidemiological methods to analyze the current epidemic status of EB virus,and using logistic regression to analyze the influencing factors of EB virus infection.Results A total of 50506 people were screened in Shunde district from 2017 to 2021,and the EB virus infection rate was 12.12%.The infection rates of EBV in males and females were 13.02%and 11.60%respectively,with a statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=22.17,P<0.001).The overall EB virus infection rate showed a fluctuating upward trend(χ^(2)=251.60,P<0.001).The positive rate of EB virus antibody NA1-IgA in males was higher than that in females in different age groups,and the difference is statistically significant,all P<0.05.A total of 52 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 35 patients with early-stage cancer were identified,with a total early diagnosis rate of 67.31%.The logistic regression analysis showed that individuals aged 61—65 years(OR=1.33,P<0.001)and 66-69 years(OR

关 键 词：鼻咽癌筛查 EB病毒抗体 早诊早治 流行病学调查 顺德区 

分 类 号：R739.63[医药卫生—肿瘤]