戈壁光热电站内风沙环境特征及运动规律  

Environmental characteristics and movement rules of wind-blown sand in gobi concentrated solar power plant

作　　者：李振洋 张宏伟 尚思汝 张同攀 杨帅 谭立海 王军战 叶得力 庞秀岚 王涛 Li Zhenyang;Zhang Hongwei;Shang Siru;Zhang Tongpan;Yang Shuai;Tan Lihai;Wang Junzhan;Ye Deli;Pang Xiulan;Wang Tao(Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands/Dunhuang Gobi Desert Ecology and Environment Research Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Bejing 100049,China;Shouhang Dunhuang Solar Thermal Power Co.,LTD,Dunhuang 736200,Gansu,China;Gansu Institute of Industrial Economy and Information Technology,Lanzhou 730000,China;Center for Plateru Energy Industry and Ecology,Qinghai Huanghe Hydropower Development CO.,LTD,Xining 814000,China;SPIC Qinghai Photovoltaic Industry Innovation Center Co.,LTD,Xining 814000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室/敦煌戈壁荒漠生态与环境研究站,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]敦煌首航节能光热发电有限公司,甘肃敦煌736200 [4]甘肃省工业经济和信息化研究院,甘肃兰州730000 [5]青海黄河上游水电开发有限责任公司高原能源产业与生态研究中心,青海西宁814000 [6]国家电投集团青海光伏产业创新中心有限公司,青海西宁814000

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2025年第2期17-28,共12页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金重点项目(22JR5RA050);中国科学院青年创新促进会会员项目(2023448);青海省重大科技专项(2021-SF-A7-2);国家电投集团统筹研发经费支持项目(KYTC2020GF10)。

摘　　要：风沙灾害是戈壁地区大型光热电站面临的最主要环境问题,为了探明戈壁光热电站内风沙运动规律,在敦煌西戈壁塔式光热电站内开展了高频风沙输移过程及风动力环境观测研究。结果表明:(1)大型光热电站的建设使近地表风速明显降低,距地表0.5 m和2 m高度处风速分别降低了39.67%和37.35%,电站内年输沙势较电站外降低93.62%,光热设备起到了很好的防风固沙作用。(2)地表积沙导致电站内起沙风速降低,近地层输沙率增大。电站内2 m高度起沙风速u_(t)为7.36 m·s^(-1),比一般戈壁地表降低36.52%~63.2%。观测期内电站内0.05 m高度范围内输沙量是电站外的3.64倍。(3)电站内风沙输移表现为间歇性特征,但在强沙尘时段出现近连续性输移,跃移间歇性参数γ_(ρ)高达99%。(4)电站内、外输沙率均随高度增加呈指数递减,电站内沙粒平均跃移层高度z_(q)为0.1~0.35 m,平均值为0.15 m,比一般戈壁地表约低20%。Wind-blown sand disaster is the most important environmental problem faced by large-scale concentrated solar power plant in the gobi area.In order to find out the law of wind-blown sand movement in the gobi concentrated solar power plant,we carried out high-frequency wind-blown sand transport process and wind dynamic environment observation research in west Dunhuang gobi tower concentrated solar power plant.The observation results show that:(1)The construction of large concentrated solar power plant significantly reduces the wind speed near the surface,and the wind speed at the height of 0.5 m and 2 m from the surface decreases by39.67%and 37.35%,respectively.The annual sand transport potential inside the power station is reduced by93.62%compared with that outside the power station.(2)The surface sand accumulation results in the decrease of the sand driving wind speed in the power station and the increase of the sand transport rate in the near ground.The ut of sand generating wind speed at 2 m height in the power station is 7.36 m·s^(-1),which is 36.52%-63.2%lower than the general gobi surface.During the observation period,the sediment transport in the 0.05 m height range of the power station is 3.64 times that outside the power station.(3)The wind and sand transport in the power station is intermittent,but near continuous transport occurs in the period of strong dust,and the saltation intermittent parameterγ_(ρ)is up to 99%.(4)The sediment transport rate in and out of the power station decreases exponentially with the increase of height.The average saltation layer height z_(q)of the sand in the power station ranges in 0.1-0.35 m,and the average is 0.15 m,which is about 20%lower than the general gobi surface.

关 键 词：光热电站 戈壁 起沙风速 输沙通量 跃移间歇性 

分 类 号：X169[环境科学与工程—环境科学]