某商用车气动噪声特性仿真与试验  

Simulation and Test of Aerodynamic Noise Characteristics of a Commercial Vehicle

作　　者：黄华威 陆增俊 唐荣江[1] 栗广生 何水龙[1,2] HUANG Huawei;LU Zengjun;TANG Rongjiang;LI Guangsheng;HE Shuilong(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin 541004,China;Department of Advanced Technology,Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor Co.,Ltd.,Liuzhou 545005,China;School of Power Technology,Liuzhou Railway Vocational and Technical Colles,Liuzhou 545616,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林电子科技大学机电工程学院,广西桂林541004 [2]东风柳州汽车有限公司先行技术部,广西柳州545005 [3]柳州铁道职业技术学院,广西柳州545616

出　　处：《湖南科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期69-77,共9页Journal of Hunan University of Science And Technology:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：广西创新驱动发展科技重大专项资助(AA22068001,AA23062031);广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目资助(2025KY1590);广西新工科研究与实践项目资助(XGK202413)。

摘　　要：针对气动噪声引起商用车车内啸叫的工程问题,基于计算流体力学方法与声学有限元法对某商用车驾驶室进行模拟,对外造型可疑区域进行布点捕捉,并结合整车道路滑行试验进行验证.首先通过滑行试验确定了啸叫声主要集中在1 350~1 700 Hz;然后利用外流场分析驾驶室外主要部件气动噪声特性,结合声学有限元法获取室内声场信息进行对比分析,成功捕捉到侧导流板、车门缝隙以及侧窗啸叫的主要声源,并对各个可疑区域进行封堵试验验证.试验结果证实:侧导流板是造成原车在1 350~1 700 Hz频段啸叫的部位,结合流场分析得出侧导流板支柱是引起啸叫声的部件;最后通过在支柱上加扰流片消除了该啸叫声,提升了室内驾乘舒适,为后续商用车风噪的性能开发提供了一种可行的工程方法.Aiming at the engineering problem of commercial vehicle interior whistling caused by aerodynamic noise,this paper simulates a commercial vehicle based on computational fluid dynamics and the acoustic finite element method,the monitoring points are arranged to capture suspicious areas of external modeling and verify them in combination with vehicle road coasting test.Firstly,it is found that the whistling noise is mainly concentrated in 1350~1700 Hz through the road coasting test.Then,the aerodynamic noise characteristics of the main components outside the cab are analyzed by using the external flow field.The interior acoustic field information is obtained by using the acoustic finite element method for comparative analysis.The primary sound sources of the side deflector,door aperture,and side window whistling are successfully captured.Secondly,the plugging test is carried out to verify each suspicious area.The test results have confirmed that the side deflector is the part that causes the original vehicle to whistle in the 1350~1700 Hz frequency band.Combined with the flow field analysis,the results show that the side deflector strut is the part that causes the whistling.Finally,the whistling noise is eliminated by adding a spoiler on the pllar,which improves indoor driving comfort and provides a feasible engineering method for developing the wind noise performance of commercial vehicles.

关 键 词：商用车 气动噪声 啸叫声 试验验证 

分 类 号：U467.11[机械工程—车辆工程]