民俗学视域下的手语交往与空间实践  

Sign Language Communication and Its Spatial Practice from the Folklore Perspective

作　　者：李丰 LI Feng

机构地区：[1]复旦大学中国语言文学系,上海200433

出　　处：《残疾人研究》2025年第2期21-29,共9页Disability Research

摘　　要：目前,关于听障问题的研究较少涉及听障者在日常生活中如何具体使用手语进行社会交往。当代民俗学对“生活世界”的关注以及对田野调查中参与观察方法的运用,可为探讨听障者与手语之间的关系提供新的思路。本文基于对日本大阪市T手语咖啡馆的田野调查,展现了民俗学视域下手语交往实践的空间、群体及艺术性。T手语咖啡馆是一个不同身份与处境的人自由相遇与交往的半公共空间,其中的听障者与非听障者共同构成了一个手语交往群体,这一群体呈现出有别于一般共同体的“交融”特征。该手语咖啡馆中的手语交往实践不仅有助于听障者与非听障者之间的互相理解,也体现出了其作为一种艺术性交流的民俗性。Available research on hearing impairment has scarcely studied on how individuals with hearing disabilities specifically utilize sign language for social communication in their everyday life,while the perspective from contemporary folklore focusing on the life-world with the participant observation of fieldwork method may offer new insights into the study of the relationship between individuals with hearing disabilities and sign language.Based on a fieldwork study carried out in the T Sign Language Cafe in Osaka,Japan,this paper presents the space,group and artistry of sign language communicative practice from the folklore perspective.The T Sign Language Cafe is a semi-public space for individuals with different identities and situations to meet and communicate freely,where individuals with and without hearing disabilities constitute a sign language group,differing from the normal communities in the characteristic of communitas.The practice of sign language communication in the T Sign Language Cafe not only contributes to the mutual understanding between individuals with and without hearing disabilities,but also reflects the folkloric nature of the practice as a type of artistic communication.

关 键 词：民俗学 田野调查 空间 手语 交往行为 

分 类 号：H026.3[语言文字—语言学]